Steel Plate or structural steel is simply steel sheet material that can be customarily cut and welded to develop a more elaborate product. Steel plate is made by compressing multiple steel layers together into one; forming a plate of steel.
Steel Plate is commonly used to strengthen foundations and uphold mass units of weight like bridges. Alternatively, it provides a base for the construction of larger materials and non-workable parts.
Applications for Steel Plate are based acutely on the specifics of the project. This simply means that certain grades are more appropriate to particular tasks than others.
Steel Plate is both corrosion and abrasion-resistant. It is manufactured to a much broader range of thicknesses than ordinary steel sheets. Plate steel is primarily used in applications where a super-structural framework and indestructible durability are required.
Not only is it produced for structural purposes, but it can also be implemented for general repairs too. In addition to great reinforcement purposes, Steel Plate is able to withstand immense stress from the harshest natural environments, mainly, the ocean.
It serves as a considerable advantage to the world of heavy machinery. Its durability allows for machining and wearable elements to last much longer.
Although it’s mostly used for reinforcement and bracing purposes, Plate Steel has proved to have a substantial degree of versatility.
Medium and heavy plate is defined as any steel plate material that is 2-inches thick or greater. Heavy plate is comprised of a variety of grades produced in the United States and abroad. These grades are used in various applications, including mining, energy and automotive. However, heavy plate is primarily used in construction and structural applications.
The main products of medium and heavy plate are carbon structural steel, high quality carbon structural steel, low alloy high strength steel plate, ship building plate, pipelines steel plate, steel plates with through-thickness characteristics, steel plate for automobile frames, bridge steel plate, boiler steel plate, etc.
Shorter lead times allow for receipt of steel plate products faster.
| Type/Material | Main grade | Thickness |
| Carbon steel plate | The carbon steel plate has usually been considered as steel that does not contain any alloy steel elements. Generally, elements are C, Mn, P, S, Si, besides these, there are no minimum limits for elements of Al, Cr, Ni, Mo, V, etc. Carbon steel plates are available in different grades depending on carbon content and strength. Q235A/B/C/D Q275A/B/C/D A283Gr.C/Gr.D ASTMA36 A573Gr.58/Gr.65/Gr.70 SS400 SM400A/B/C S235JR/J0/J2 S275JR/J0/J2 S275N/NL S275M/ML, 250, 250L0, 250L15 |
5-130mm |
| Low alloy steel plate | Low alloy steel plate contains fewer alloy elements below 3.5% of total elements. Intending to add some alloy elements on the carbon steel basic for improving the steel performance. Low alloy steel plates are mainly used to manufacture plants and factories. Q345A/B/C/D/E Q390A/B/C/D/E Q420A/B/C/D/E Q460C/D/E Q500C/D/E Q550C/D/E Q620C/D/E Q690C/D/E Q890D/E Q960D/E XGCFQ500D/E A572Gr.50/Gr.60 SS490 SM490A/B/C S355JR/J0/J2/K2 S355J2G3 S355N/NL S420N/NL S460N/NL S355M/ML S420M/ML S460M/ML S500Q/QL/QL1 S550Q/QL/QL1 S620Q/QL/QL1 S690Q/QL/QL1 S355G8+N,350 350L0 350L15 |
Grade 345:5-130mm Grade 390-690:6-80mm Grade 890-960:6-50mm |
| General strength ship plate High-strength ship board Ultra-high-strength ship board |
A/B/D/E, A32/D32/E32/F32, A36/D36/E36/F36, A40/D40/E40/F40, A131A/B/D/E/AH32/DH32/EH32/AH36/DH36/EH36/AH40/DH40/EH40 NVA420/D420/E420, NVA460/D460/E460, NVA500/D500/E500, NVA550/D550/E550 | General strength and high strength: 5-80mm Ultra-high strength: 5-115mm (certification stage) |
| Marine pot capacity board | NV360/410/460/490/510 , LR360/360FG, LR410/410FG, LR460FG/490FG/510FG | 5-60mm |
| Bridge plates | Q235qC/D/E , Q345qC/D/E, Q370qC/D/E, Q420qC/D/E , Q460qC/D/E , Q500qD/E , Q550qD/E , Q620qD/E , Q690qD/E , A709-50T-1/50T-2/50T-3/50F-1/50F-2/50F-3, A 709-50W-A/B/C-F1/F2/F3 -T1/T2/T3 | Grade 235-420:5-100mm Grade 460-690:6-80mm |
| Boiler vessel plate | Q245R, Q345R, Q370R, 15CrMoR, 12Cr1MoVR, 13MnNiMoR, 12Cr2Mo1R, 14Cr1MoR, 18MnMoNbR, 16MnDR, 09MnNiDR, 15MnNiDR, 07MnCrMoVR, 07MnNiMoVDR, 12MnNiVR, XG610E, 12MnNiVR-SR, Q245R(HIC), Q345R(HIC), Q245R(R-HIC), Q345R(R-HIC) , XGCF62, 16MnDR (HIC) , 16MnDR (R-HIC) P235GH, P265GH, P295GH, P355GH, 16Mo3, P275NH/NL1/NL2, P355N/NH/NL1/NL2, P460NH/NL1/NL2, P355M/ML1/ML2, P420M/ML1/ML2, P460M/ML1/ML2, P355Q/QH/QL1/QL2, P460Q/QH/QL1/QL2, P500Q/QH/QL1/QL2, P690Q/QH/QL1/QL2, 10CrMo9-10, 11MnNi5-3, 13CrMo4-5, 13CrMoSi5-5, 13MnNi6-3, 18MnMo4-5, 20MnMoNi4-5, (S)A204Gr.A/Gr.B/Gr.C, (S)A285Gr.A/Gr.B/Gr.C, (S)A299Gr.A/Gr.B, A302Gr.A/Gr.B/Gr.C/Gr.D, 387Gr.2/Gr.11/Gr.12/Gr.22, ASTMA455, (S)A515Gr.60/65/70, (S)A516Gr.55/60/65/70 , (S)A516Gr.60(HIC), (S)A516Gr.60(R-HIC), (S)A517Gr.B/Gr.H, (S)A533Gr.A/Gr.B/Gr.C, (S)A537Cl.1/Cl.2/Cl.3, ASTMA612, (S)A662Gr.A/Gr.B/Gr.C, (S)A737Gr.B/Gr.C, A738Gr.A/Gr.B/Gr.C, (S)A841Gr.A/Gr.B/Gr.C/Gr.D, SB410/450/480, SB450M/480M, SEV245/295/345, SBV1A/1B, SBV2/3, SGV410/450/480, SPV235/315/355/410, SPV450/490, SQV1A/1B/2A/2B/3A/3B | Grade 235-420:5-100mm Grade 460-690:6-80mm |
| High rise building plate | Q235GJB/C/D/E , Q345GJB/C/D/E, Q390GJC/D/E, Q420GJC/D/E, SN400A/B/C, SN490B/C | 5-100mm |
| Pipeline Steel Plate | Pipeline steel plates are used to fabricate large diameter welded pipes which transportation oil and natural gas, also known as pipe steel plates. Now more and more world’s people focus on protecting our environment, new clean energy natural gas is widely used through pipelines. These pipeline steel plates own ability to resist high pressure, atmospheric corrosion and lower temperature surroundings. API 5L---A25/A/BR/BM/X42R/X42M/X46M/X52M/X56M/X60M/X65M/X70M/X80M |
5-40mm |
| Weather-resistant steel plate | Weather Resistant Steel Plates are used in applications that last longer and are exposed to the atmosphere for the long term. Applications that have to have plates in the open often use these Corrosion Resistant Steel Plates in combination with pipes, fittings, and flanges. The material can vary in composition but all the weathering steel types have low carbon, less than 0.3% by weight. This low carbon allows for the ductility and toughness of the Weather Resistant Steels Sheet. The name comes from the ability of the material to withstand weathering or atmospheric conditions over time. The specialty of the Corten Weather Resistant Steels is that it forms an oxide layer on the surface. This oxide layer cannot oxidize any further, so it acts as a barrier between the steels inside the layer and the oxidizing agents to the outside of the plates. Q295 GNHA/B/C/D/E |
Grade 295-355:5-100mm Grade 415-550:6-60mm |
| Wear-resistant steel plate | Wear-resistant steel plate, also called abrasion-resistant or AR plate, is made from steel billets and comes in many grades. Alloys like carbon, manganese, nickel, chrome, and boron are added in different proportions. The grades, therefore, have different mechanical and chemical properties that will produce different results in an end product. Wear-resistant steel is tougher and harder than conventional steel plate and can last up to 4 times longer than conventional high-strength steel. NM360 , NM400, NM450, NM500 |
6-60mm |
| Mould plate, excellent steel plate | Mould steel plate: P20, SM45, SM48, SM50, SM53, SM55, 2311 Excellent steel plate: 45, 50 |
6-120mm |
Our wide selection of cold rolled coil, strip and sheet products are available for a variety of uses. These products come in heat and corrosion resistant forms. Their lightweight yet strong, durable and fully recyclable materials ensure versatility in application.
A wide selection for a variety of uses; our cold rolled coil, strip and sheet products are available in both heat-and corrosion resistant forms. In addition, their standard and special surface finishes provide a unique level of customization.
These products come in the following stainless-steel types: austenitic, ferritic, duplex and martensitic. Lightweight yet strong, the cold rolled coil, strip and sheet products are fully recyclable and are versatile in application.
| Type/Material | Main grade | Thickness |
| Cold rolled steel sheet | Cold rolled steel sheets offer a variety of outstanding properties, including easy formability and a smooth, clean surface, and are used in automobiles, appliances, furniture, and many other everyday items. Domestic: Q195, Q215A/B, Q235A/B/C/D, Q275A/B/C/D |
Thickness: 0.25-2.00 Main equipment: 1550mm tandem cold rolling mill |
| Cold rolled high quality thin steel plate | 08, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 08Al | |
| Non-oriented electrical steel sheet | Non-oriented electrical steel (NO) is widely used as a motor core material since, economically, it meets requirements for high-efficiency, high-power motors 35W400, 35W440, 50W470, 50W530, 50W600, 50W700, 50W800, 50W1000, 50W1300, 65W600, 65W700, 65W800, 65W1000, 65W1300, 65W1600 |
|
| Alloy structural steel sheet | 40B, 45B, 50B, 15Cr, 20Cr, 30Cr, 35Cr, 40Cr, 50Cr, 12CrMo, 15CrMo, 20CrMo, 30CrMo, 35CrMo, 12Cr1MoV, 12CrMoV, 20CrNi, 40CrNi, 20CrMnTi, 30CrMnSi, 12Mn2A, 16Mn2A, 45Mn2A, 50BA, 15CrMo 38CrA, 20CrMnSiA, 25CrMnSiA, 30CrMnSiA, 35rMnSiA | |
| Thin steel sheet for automobile | CR140BH, CR180BH, CR220BH, CR260BH, CR300BH, CR260/450DP, CR300/500DP, CR340/590DP, CR420/780DP, CR180IF, CR220IF, CR260IF | |
| Hot-rolled steel strip | Hot-rolled steel strip is characterized by high product quality and is a true all-rounder. It is as versatile as its many applications. Q195-Q345, 08, 08F, 08Al, 10-60, 65Mn, 60Si2MnA, 50CrVA, 50CrNiMoVA, T7-T10A, Cr06, Q355NHL |
Thickness: 1.2-5.0 mm Major equipment: Hot-rolled strip finishing mill |
| Cold-rolled steel strip | Cold-rolled strip is scale-free hot rolled steel that has been further processed through cold rolling, annealing, slitting, and edging to achieve extremely precise dimensional tolerances and customized properties including microstructure, chemistry, surface finish, and tempers. 50A, 50CrNiMoVA, 65Mn, 60Si2MnA, 50CrVA, T7-T10A, 40Mn, 15-65, 20CrMo, 30CrMo, 08, 08F, 08Al, Q195-Q235, Q345B, SPHC, SPCC, 20MnSi, 16Mn, 19Mn |
Thickness: 0.15 ~ 3.0 mm Main equipment: cold rolled strip steel six-high reversible rolling mill |
Steel Plate is both corrosion and abrasion-resistant. It is manufactured to a much broader range of thicknesses than ordinary steel sheets. Plate steel is primarily used in applications where a super-structural framework and indestructible durability are required.
Not only is it produced for structural purposes, but it can also be implemented for general repairs too. In addition to great reinforcement purposes, Steel Plate is able to withstand immense stress from the harshest natural environments, mainly, the ocean.
It serves as a considerable advantage to the world of heavy machinery. Its durability allows for machining and wearable elements to last much longer.
Although it’s mostly used for reinforcement and bracing purposes, Plate Steel has proved to have a substantial degree of versatility.
Steel plates can be manufactured by large steel factories or smaller, more specialized plants. Steel plates are one of the many types of steel that can be produced, other types include steel bars, sheets, slabs, rolls, and more. Steel plates are often used for structural and construction applications, pressure vessels, marine and offshore equipment, and military applications. The grade, elements and parameters of a steel plate are also important in how it is used.
Construction
The construction industry requires many types of steel in all sizes. Steel plates can be found in buildings, bridges and on construction vehicles.
Pressure Vessel Plate
Pressure vessel plate is a type of steel plate used for storage containers. These storage containers can be boilers, gas tanks, or any unit that stores compressed gas or fluid. They can be manufactured to hold contents at outdoor temperatures or hold contents are more extreme temperatures. Depending on the purpose, these steel plates can be course-grain or fine-grain.
Marine
Steel plates are also used extensively in the shipbuilding industry. The plates are used for ships and barges or oil rigs and other offshore equipment. They may be manufactured structural parts or they may be implemented as repair pieces. Sometimes extremely durable steel plates are needed, especially in the construction of large offshore facilities.
Military
Military steel plates are used in tanks, jeeps, trucks and ground vehicles, as well as helicopters, jets and other aircraft. The Navy uses this steel for shipbuilding and naval repair.
The properties of stainless steel are corrosion resistance, high ductility, attractive appearance and low maintenance. Stainless steel contains chromium, which provides the properties of corrosion resistance at high temperatures. Stainless steel can withstand corrosive or chemical environments due to its smooth surface. Stainless steel products are safe for long-term use with excellent resistance of corrosion fatigue.
Stainless steel sheet/plate is available in 300, 400 and 200 series. Each type has its own characteristics. The most popular grades are, 304 which can be easily roll-formed or shaped and due to its excellent corrosion resistance and weldability, it is one of the most popular grades available. 316 is an alloy that contains molybdenum which increases the corrosion resistance and is particularly effective in acidic environments as it provides a greater resistance to pitting corrosion. 321 is a variation of 304 with the addition of titanium, it is resistant to intergranular corrosion and has excellent weldability. Type 430 is a ferritic stainless steel alloy which offers good corrosion resistance and is predominately used in the domestic and catering industries.
| ASTM | JIS | AISI | EN | Mill's Standard |
| S30400 | SUS304 | 304 | 1.4301 | 202 |
| S30403 | - | 304L | 1.4307 | 204Cu3 |
| S31603 | - | 316L | 1.4404 | |
| S43000 | SUS430 | 430 | 1.4016 |
Other specifications are also available up to request.
| Thickness | Width | Length | Surface Finish |
| 15-85 mm | 914, 1219, 1524 mm | 3048, 6069 mm 10 M |
Black |
| 3-8 mm | 20-1524 mm | Container Loading: Max. 10M Bulk: as request |
No.1 |
| 8 up - 60 mm | 30-1524 mm | Max. 6096 mm | No.1 |
| Thickness | Tolerance |
| 8.0 mm < T ≦ 10.0 mm | ±0.32 mm |
| 10.0 mm < T ≦ 25.0 mm | ±0.34 mm |
| 25.0 mm < T ≦ 85.0 mm | ±0.40 mm |
Thickness Tolerance: According to 1/2 JIS G4304
| Thickness | Tolerance |
| T ≦ 10.0 mm | -0 / +60 mm |
| 10.0 mm < T ≦ 85.0 mm | -0 / +65 mm |
Steel Grade |
Ni% Max. | Cr% Max. | C% Max. | Si% Max. | Mn% Max. | P% Max. | S% Max. | Mo% Max. | Ti% Max. | Other |
| SUS304 | 8.0~10.5 | 18.0~20.0 | 0.08 | 1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | - | - | - |
| SUS304L | 9.0~13.0 | 18.0~20.0 | 0.03 | 1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | - | - | - |
| SUS316L | 12.0~15.0 | 16.0~18.0 | 0.03 | 1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 2.0~3.0 | - | - |
| SUS430 | 0.6 | 16.0~18.0 | 0.12 | 0.75 | 1 | 0.04 | 0.03 | - | - | - |
Spec. JIS G4304 G4305 G4312
The different grades used to classify stainless steel plates consist of numbers and numbers with the letters H and L in the combinations. Which industry uses this particular metal and for what purpose depends on the steel plate grade. Stainless steel that comes with letters in their grade means something and this dictates where these can be used.
The H and L used in stainless steel grades often refer to whether it has low or high carbon content. L is for stainless steel plates with low carbon and H is for those with high carbon. When a plate grade does not carry any of these two letters, these are then called straight grades. Straight grade stainless steel is known to carry at least .08% carbon in them, but there is no strict requirement stating that these metals need to have a minimum amount of carbon in them.
To further help you understand the uses of these different stainless steel grades, here are some of the more commonly produced stainless steel plate grades and where these are utilized:
304 – This comes in three variations – 304, 304H and 304L. Part of the 300 series, this particular plate grade is often used in the food and beverage industry. This is due to the fact that this particular grade has the ability to keep contamination probabilities very low. This metal contains around 18% chromium and around 8% nickel.
316 – Also part of the 300 series, this particular grade contains between 16% to 18% chromium and approximately 11% to 14% nickel. This is often used for environmental and marine applications due to its resistance to corrosion brought about by salty water.
410 – This is heat treatable steel and can be used for the manufacture of surgical instruments, as well as strainers used in the food industry.
There are many reasons why stainless steel plates are used for a wide variety of applications and products. One main reason is because of its high resistance to oxidation and corrosion. It is also resistant to abrasion and is easy to clean.
Stainless steel plates (and stainless steel in general) are also easy to form, has a clean and attractive appearance, and are relatively light yet very durable. These are also pretty malleable without compromising on strength, making it ideal for use with a lot of things.
Stainless steel is used by a huge number of industries and by many businesses due to this versatility, strength and corrosion resistance. The usage of these plates often depends on the plate grade. With so many plate grades available, you can be sure that this particular metal does see itself being used for a huge number of applications.
Similar to stainless steel plate, the sheet metal has high tensile strength, durability and delivers an exceptional finish.
Stainless steel is thus ideal for food production and storage as it does not affect the flavour of the food and the corrosion resistance is an important factor when it comes into contact with acidic foods. Stainless steel is easily cleaned which keeps germs at bay, in turn maintaining the integrity of any sterile environment, including that of the medical industry.
Stainless steel sheets, also commonly known as Cold Rolled Products, can be moulded into shapes for making cookware, such as grills, sinks, pots and cookers. Stainless steel sheet is popular as a finish for refrigerators, freezers, countertops and dishwashers.
The sheet metal is available in flat pieces or coiled strips and is also useful when making licence plates for cars and even the base of light bulbs.
The reality is there are many nuances associated with steel plate and failure to understand them will result in many problems throughout its use in a project. The information in this eBook is meant to clear up many misconceptions.
Carbon steel plate is manufactured for a variety of applications based on its carbon content. Low carbon steel plate, depending on its thickness offers characteristics such as maximum cold forming capability, weldability and improved machining. Medium carbon steel plates (.40 - .50) that are silicon killed offers better strength capabilities but have limited machining and welding properties.
Other types of steel plate offer benefits for structure and construction applications, resistance to abrasion, and the ability to withstand high temperatures and pressures. Additionally, steel plate coils are available in low carbon, pickled and oiled, and black steel coils used for precision roller leveling. It may also be used for cutting standard and custom lengths up to 480”.
Structural steel shape properties, such as composition and strength are regulated by agreement between parties who choose to accept international standards. These international standards are created by formally recognized regulating boards, often times comprised of worldwide, volunteer members within respective industries.
It is customary for American made steel plate manufacturers to choose to have their hot rolled plates recognized by several of these governing bodies, such as ASTM International, ANSI, AISC, AISI, ASCE, ASME, and the AWS along with their European Union standards counterparts.
| Abbreviation | Full description |
| ASTM International | American Society for Testing and Materials |
| ANSI | American National Standards Institute |
| AISC | American Institute of Steel Construction |
| AISI | American Iron & Steel Institute |
| ASCE | American Society of Civil Engineers |
| ASME | American Society of Mechanical Engineers |
| AWS | American Welding Society |
Iron and carbon are the most abundant materials present in steel. Pure iron is not particularly strong or hard on its own, so it is the addition of carbon that helps give steel its great strength.
The crude iron used to produce steel has a relatively high amount of carbon. Its carbon composition can be as high as 2.1%, which is the greatest amount of carbon a material can contain and still be considered steel.
However, iron can be processed further to reduce carbon. This manipulation of carbon alters several material properties, including:
Strength: The load a material can bear, measured by yield point and tensile strength. Yield point is the point at which a material deforms, but does not break, and tensile strength is the amount of stress needed to actually break a material.
Ductility: The amount a material can be stretched without becoming brittle. Ductility is measured by elongation, which is the percent the length of a material increases before it breaks.
Hardness: The wear resistance of material and machinability of material. This is usually measured on the Rockwell hardness scale or Brinell Hardness scale.
The carbon present in steel is typically reduced so that it fits into three main categories of carbon steel: low (or mild), medium and high carbon steel. Each of these categories contain different levels of carbon, show in the chart below.
| Type of carbon steel | Carbon composition |
| Low carbon/mild | 0.05-0.25% |
| Medium carbon | 0.26-0.60% |
| High carbon | 0.61-1.50% |
Carbon steel plate almost include all the common standards of steel plate/sheet.
So carbon steel plates have a widely coverage for different types of steel plates in different industries.
Also known as mild steel, low carbon steel has low strength relative to steel with higher carbon levels. Low carbon steel is the most ductile – or machinable – type of carbon steel as well.
Chemical alloys can also be added to low carbon steel to enhance desired properties without increasing the material’s weight. For example, if low carbon steel requires greater hardness for its desired application, manganese can be added to increase hardness without adding weight. Low carbon steel that contains additional alloys is typically referred to as high strength, low alloy (HSLA) steel.
Some of the most common low carbon steel plate grades, all stocked by us, include ASTM A36, A572 Grades 42 & 50 and A830-1020. Each of these grades have moderate strength, high ductility and lighter weight due to the low carbon content and addition of other alloys. These properties make low carbon steel ideal for use in structural applications like building construction, bridges and transmission towers, where materials must be able to withstand high stress while also being easy to form into structural shapes.
Medium carbon steel provides a balance between low and high carbon steel, offering greater strength and hardness than low carbon steel while still remaining more ductile than high carbon steel. Medium carbon steel also typically contains other alloys, such as manganese, that also contribute to its properties.
In applications where greater toughness and hardness are required, medium carbon steel plate can receive heat treatments – such as quenching and tempering – that enhance these properties without compromising its machinability.
Quenching and tempering is a two-step heat treatment process. In the quenching step of this process, steel is heated to a temperature between 1,500-and 1,650-degrees Fahrenheit, then rapidly cooled with water. In the tempering step, the steel is then re-heated to a below-critical temperature – between 300 and 700 degrees – and air-cooled. This process alters the crystal grain structure of steel to enhance hardness and other mechanical properties.
Two common medium carbon steel plate grades that stocks are ASTM A516 Grade 70 and A830-1045. The moderate carbon composition and additional alloys give these grades – and other medium carbon grades – a balance of strength, hardness, ductility and wear resistance. These properties make medium carbon steel ideal for use in applications where materials must withstand strong forces without breaking or wearing out, such as machine parts – including gears, axles and bolts – pressure vessel tanks and automotive parts and components.
Standard |
Steel Grade | |||
| ASTM A36/A36M | A36 | |||
| ASTM A283/A283M | A283 Grade A | A283 Grade B | A283 Grade C | A283 Grade D |
| ASTM A514/A514M | A514 Grade A | A514 Grade B | A514 Grade C | A514 Grade E |
| A514 Grade F | A514 Grade H | A514 Grade J | A514 Grade K | |
| A514 Grade M | A514 Grade P | A514 Grade Q | A514 Grade R | |
| A514 Grade S | A514 Grade T | |||
| ASTM A572/A572M | A572 Grade 42 | A572 Grade 50 | A572 Grade 55 | A572 Grade 60 |
| A572 Grade 65 | ||||
| ASTM A573/A573M | A573 Grade 58 | A573 Grade 65 | A573 Grade 70 | |
| ASTM A588/A588M | A588 Grade A | A588 Grade C | A588 Grade K | A588 Grade B |
| ASTM A633/A633M | A633 Grade A | A633 Grade C | A633 Grade D | A633 Grade E |
| ASTM A656/A656M | A656 Grade 50 | A656 Grade 60 | A656 Grade 70 | A656 Grade 80 |
| ASTM A709/A709M | A709 Grade 36 | A709 Grade 50A573Grade70 | A709 Grade 50S | A709 Grade 50W |
| A709 Grade HPS50W | A709 Grade HPS70W | A709 Grade 100 | A709 Grade 100W | |
| A709 Grade HPS100W | ||||
| ASME SA36/SA36M | SA36 | |||
| ASME SA283/SA283M | SA283 Grade A | SA283 Grade B | SA283 Grade C | SA283 Grade D |
| ASME SA514/SA514M | SA514 Grade A | SA514 Grade B | SA514 Grade C | SA514 Grade E |
| SA514 Grade M | SA514 Grade P | SA514 Grade Q | SA514 Grade R | |
| SA514 Grade S | SA514 Grade T | |||
| ASME SA572/SA572M | SA572 Grade 42 | SA572 Grade 50 | SA572 Grade 55 | SA572 Grade 60 |
| SA572 Grade 65 | ||||
| ASME SA573/SA573M | SA573 Grade 58 | SA573 Grade 65 | SA573 Grade 70 | |
| ASME SA588/SA588M | SA588 Grade A | SA588 Grade B | SA588 Grade C | SA588 Grade K |
| ASME SA633/SA633M | SA633 Grade A | SA633 Grade C | SA633 Grade D | SA633 Grade E |
| ASME SA656/SA656M | SA656 Grade 50 | SA656 Grade 60 | SA656 Grade 70 | SA656 Grade 80 |
| ASME SA709/SA709M | SA709 Grade 36 | SA709 Grade 50 | SA709 Grade 50S | SA709 Grade 50W |
| SA709 Grade HPS50W | SA709 Grade HPS70W | SA709 Grade 100 | SA709 Grade 100W | |
| SA709 Grade HPS100W | ||||
| EN10025-2 | S235JR | S235J0 | S235J2 | S275JR |
| S275J0 | S275J2 | S355JR | S355J0 | |
| S355J2 | S355K2 | S420J0 | ||
| EN10025-3 | S275N | S275NL | S355N | S355NL |
| S420N | S420NL | S460N | S460NL | |
| EN10025-4 | S275M | S275ML | S355M | S420ML |
| S355ML | S460M | S420M | S460ML | |
| EN10025-6 | S460Q | S460QL | S460QL1 | S500Q |
| S500QL | S500QL1 | S550Q | S550QL | |
| S550QL1 | S620Q | S620QL | S620QL1 | |
| S690Q | S690QL | S890Q | S690QL1 | |
| S890QL | S890QL1 | S960Q | S960QL | |
| JIS G3101 | SS330 | SS400 | SS490 | SS540 |
| JIS G3106 | SM400A | SM400B | SM400C | SM490A |
| SM490B | SM490C | SM490YA | SM490YB | |
| SM520B | SM520C | SM570 | ||
| DIN 17100 | St37-2 | USt37-2 | RSt37-2 | St37-3 |
| St52-3 | ||||
| DIN 17102 | StE255 | WStE255 | TStE255 | EStE255 |
| StE285 | WStE285 | TStE285 | EStE285 | |
| StE315 | WStE315 | TStE315 | EStE315 | |
| StE355 | WStE355 | TStE355 | EStE355 | |
| StE380 | WStE380 | TStE380 | EStE380 | |
| StE420 | WStE420 | TStE420 | EStE420 | |
| StE460 | WStE460 | TStE460 | EStE460 | |
| StE500 | WStE500 | TStE500 | EStE500 | |
| GB/T700 | Q235A | Q235B | Q235C | Q235D |
| Q275 | ||||
| GB/T1591 | Q345A | Q345B | Q345C | Q345D |
| Q345E | Q390A | Q390B | Q390C | |
| Q390D | Q390E | Q420A | Q420B | |
| Q420C | Q420D | Q420E | Q460C | |
| Q460D | Q460E | |||
| GB/T16270 | Q460C | Q460D | Q460E | Q460F |
| Q500C | Q500D | Q500E | Q500F | |
| Q550C | Q550D | Q550E | Q550F | |
| Q620C | Q620D | Q620E | Q620F | |
| Q690C | Q690D | Q690E | Q690F | |
| Q800C | Q800D | Q800E | Q800F | |
| Q890C | Q890D | Q890E | Q890F | |
| Q960C | Q960D | Q960E | Q960F | |
Structural steel plate used in construction must meet certain criteria such as high strength, formability, ability to withstand subzero temperatures and weldability.
Plate and structural steel, often referred to as P&S in the scrap industry, is a cut grade of ferrous scrap that is presumed to be free of any contaminates. This clean cut steel scrap, includes items like clean open hearth steel plates, structural shapes, crop ends, shearings, and broken steel tires.
ASTM A283: This grade is the standard specification for low and intermediate tensile strength carbon steel plates. It covers four grades of carbon steel plates for general applications, such as manufacturing storage tanks and low pressure, temperature controlled vessels. It is formed through melt processing by either open-hearth, electric furnace, or basicoxygen.
ASTM A36: This steel is produced using a minimum yield of 36,000 psi. It has all the qualities used in structural projects requiring weldments, bolting and riveting fabrications. You will find this grade of carbon steel used most often in the construction of buildings, bridges and oil rigs.
ABS Grade A, Grade B, Grade ADH36, Grade DH36, and Grade EH36: This steel is used almost exclusively in shipbuilding, especially in the construction of ships, barges, and marine equipment. It has a tensile strength of 58 to 71 ksi, and a minimum yield of 34 ksi.
Abrasion resistant (AR) steel plate is a high-carbon alloy steel plate. This means that AR is harder due to the addition of carbon, and formable and weather resistant due to added alloys.
Carbon added during the formation of the steel plate substantially increases toughness and hardness, but reduces strength. Therefore, AR plate is used in applications where abrasions and wear and tear are the main causes of failure, such as industrial manufacturing, mining, construction and material handling. AR plate is not ideal for structural construction uses like support beams in bridges or buildings.
Developed according to a specific carbon-manganese specification, this steel plate is designed to withstand wear resistance many times better than ordinary steel plate.
AR360: This plate offers minimum Brinell rating of 360 and a tensile strength of 177,000 psi, ranking the material medium for hardness and strength. Uses for this steel include the manufacture of heavy construction equipment.
AR400: This steel provides a high degree of hardness and strength because of its quenched and tempered chrome-moly, boron treatment. AR400 plate is resistant to corrosion from atmospheric conditions and protects well against impact abrasion. Uses for this plate include material handling equipment for mining.
AR500: This grade of steel is fabricated through heat treatment to achieve through-hardening as well as improved welding and forming capabilities. With a tensile strength of 247 ksi and a minimum yield of 187 ksi, it provides extraordinary protection from wear, including rub wear, slide wear, and heavy wear. It is also able to withstand high impact stress, regardless of temperature.
Abrasion resistant steel plate is commonly used in energy, industrial manufacturing, infrastructure, and more. Additional applications include:
Alloy Steel Plates are steel these are alloyed with a different elements in overall quantities among 1.0% and 50% by weight to enhance its mechanical properties. Alloy steels have to type which is low-alloy steels and high-alloy steels. The difference between the two is relatively arbitrary.
Alloy steel plates are defined as steel plates with a definite range or definite minimum quantity of additional elements, depending on the alloy.
Common alloying elements include:
| Standard | Steel Grade | |||
| EN10083-3 | 38Cr2 | 41CrS4 | 50CrMo4 | 51CrV4 |
| 46Cr2 | 25CrMo4 | 30CrNiMo8 | 20MnB5 | |
| 34Cr4 | 25CrMoS4 | 34CrNiMo6 | 30MnB5 | |
| 34CrS4 | 34CrMo4 | 35NiCr6 | 38MnB5 | |
| 37Cr4 | 34CrMoS4 | 36NiCrMo16 | 27MnCrB5-2 | |
| 37CrS4 | 42CrMo4 | 39NiCrMo3 | 33MnCrB5-2 | |
| 41Cr4 | 42CrMoS4 | 30NiCrMo16-6 | 39MnCrB6-2 | |
| GB/T 3077 | 20Mn2 | 20MnVB | 12CrMoV | 20CrNi |
| 30Mn2 | 40MnVB | 35CrMoV | 40CrNi | |
| 35Mn2 | 20MnTiB | 12Cr1MoV | 45CrNi | |
| 40Mn2 | 25MnTiBRE | 25Cr2MoVA | 50CrNi | |
| 45Mn2 | 15Cr | 25Cr2Mo1VA | 12CrNi2 | |
| 50Mn2 | 15CrA | 38CrMoAl | 12CrNi3 | |
| 20MnV | 20Cr | 40CrV | 20CrNi3 | |
| 27SiMn | 30Cr | 50CrVA | 30CrNi3 | |
| 35SiMn | 35Cr | 15CrMn | 37CrNi3 | |
| 42SiMn | 40Cr | 20CrMn | 12Cr2Ni4 | |
| 20SiMn2MoV | 45Cr | 40CrMn | 20Cr2Ni4 | |
| 25SiMn2MoV | 50Cr | 20CrMnSi | 20CrNiMo | |
| 37SiMn2MoV | 38CrSi | 25CrMnSi | 40CrNiMoA | |
| 40B | 12CrMo | 30CrMnSi | 18CrNiMnMoA | |
| 45B | 15CrMo | 30CrMnSiA | 45CrNiMoVA | |
| 50B | 20CrMo | 35CrMnSiA | 18Cr2Ni4WA | |
| 40MnB | 30CrMo | 20CrMnMo | 25Cr2Ni4WA | |
| 45MnB | 30CrMoA | 40CrMnMo | ||
| 20MnMoB | 35CrMo | 20CrMnTi | ||
| 15MnVB | 42CrMo | 30CrMnTi | ||
As plates, these include strength, hardness, toughness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Many of the alloy steels are easy to machine, stamp and fabricate and can be manufactured to precise tolerances.
Normal and high-strength rolled steel plate is one of the main structural materials in the manufacture of boilers, vessels and tanks for the transportation and storage of liquid and gaseous substances, as well as various technological operations under pressure.
As plates, these include strength, hardness, toughness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Many of the alloy steels are easy to machine, stamp and fabricate and can be manufactured to precise tolerances.
Common alloying elements include:
| Standard | Steel Grade | |||
| EN10083-3 | 38Cr2 | 41CrS4 | 50CrMo4 | 51CrV4 |
| 46Cr2 | 25CrMo4 | 30CrNiMo8 | 20MnB5 | |
| 34Cr4 | 25CrMoS4 | 34CrNiMo6 | 30MnB5 | |
| 34CrS4 | 34CrMo4 | 35NiCr6 | 38MnB5 | |
| 37Cr4 | 34CrMoS4 | 36NiCrMo16 | 27MnCrB5-2 | |
| 37CrS4 | 42CrMo4 | 39NiCrMo3 | 33MnCrB5-2 | |
| 41Cr4 | 42CrMoS4 | 30NiCrMo16-6 | 39MnCrB6-2 | |
| GB/T 3077 | 20Mn2 | 20MnVB | 12CrMoV | 20CrNi |
| 30Mn2 | 40MnVB | 35CrMoV | 40CrNi | |
| 35Mn2 | 20MnTiB | 12Cr1MoV | 45CrNi | |
| 40Mn2 | 25MnTiBRE | 25Cr2MoVA | 50CrNi | |
| 45Mn2 | 15Cr | 25Cr2Mo1VA | 12CrNi2 | |
| 50Mn2 | 15CrA | 38CrMoAl | 12CrNi3 | |
| 20MnV | 20Cr | 40CrV | 20CrNi3 | |
| 27SiMn | 30Cr | 50CrVA | 30CrNi3 | |
| 35SiMn | 35Cr | 15CrMn | 37CrNi3 | |
| 42SiMn | 40Cr | 20CrMn | 12Cr2Ni4 | |
| 20SiMn2MoV | 45Cr | 40CrMn | 20Cr2Ni4 | |
| 25SiMn2MoV | 50Cr | 20CrMnSi | 20CrNiMo | |
| 37SiMn2MoV | 38CrSi | 25CrMnSi | 40CrNiMoA | |
| 40B | 12CrMo | 30CrMnSi | 18CrNiMnMoA | |
| 45B | 15CrMo | 30CrMnSiA | 45CrNiMoVA | |
| 50B | 20CrMo | 35CrMnSiA | 18Cr2Ni4WA | |
| 40MnB | 30CrMo | 20CrMnMo | 25Cr2Ni4WA | |
| 45MnB | 30CrMoA | 40CrMnMo | ||
| 20MnMoB | 35CrMo | 20CrMnTi | ||
| 15MnVB | 42CrMo | 30CrMnTi | ||
Heat-resistant steel for boilers in the boiler industry is used to produce boiler bodies and vessels, as well as tanks to transport liquefied gases, petroleum products and other liquid and gaseous goods; and to manufacture fittings, valves and other auxiliary elements for pressure equipment.
Pressure vessel steel plate covers carbon steel and alloy steel grades, which are designed for use in making pressure vessels, boilers, heat exchangers and any other vessels and tanks that to store liquid or gas at high pressures. It includes applications like below or similar:
There are a wide range of different liquid and chemicals that need to be stored under pressure. Such us food, milk, plam oil, crude oil, natural gas includes their distillates to highly lethal acides which is bad to environments, so these liquid or gas shall be kept in high or low temperatures. Therefore, pressure vessel plates covers a wide range of steel grades which to use in different cases.
Standard |
Steel Grade | |||
| ASTM A202/A202M | A202 Grade A | A202 Grade B | ||
| ASTM A203/A203M | A203 Grade A | A203 Grade B | A203 Grade D | A203 Grade E |
| A203 Grade F | ||||
| ASTM A204/A204M | A204 Grade A | A204 Grade B | A204 Grade C | |
| ASTM A285/A285M | A285 Grade A | A285 Grade B | A285 Grade C | |
| ASTM A299/A299M | A299 Grade A | A299 Grade B | ||
| ASTM A302/A302M | A302 Grade A | A302 Grade B | A302 Grade C | A302 Grade D |
| ASTM A387/A387M | A387 Grade 11 Class1 | A387 Grade 11 Class2 | A387 Grade 12 Class1 | A387 Grade 12 Class2 |
| A387 Grade 22 Class1 | A387 Grade 22 Class2 | A387 Grade 5 Class1 | A387 Grade 5 Class2 | |
| ASTM A515/A515M | A515 Grade 60 | A515 Grade 65 | A515 Grade 70 | |
| ASTM A516/A516M | A516 Grade 55 | A516 Grade 60 | A516 Grade 65 | A516 Grade 70 |
| ASTM A517/A517M | A517 Grade A | A517 Grade B | A517 Grade E | A517 Grade F |
| A517 Grade H | A517 Grade P | A517 Grade Q | A517 Grade S | |
| ASTM A533/A533M | A533 Grade A | A533 Grade B | A533 Grade C | A533 Grade D |
| ASTM A537A537M | A537 Class 1 | A537 Class 2 | A537 Class 3 | |
| ASTM A612/A612M | ASTM A612M | |||
| ASTM A662/A662M | A662 Grade A | A662 Grade B | A662 Grade C | |
| ASTM A841/A841M | A841 Grade A | A841 Grade B | A841 Grade C | A841 Grade D |
| A841 Grade E | A841 Grade F | |||
| EN10028-2 | P235GH | P265GH | P295GH | P355GH |
| 16Mo3 | ||||
| EN10028-3 | P275NH | P275NL1 | P275NL2 | P355N |
| P355NH | P355NL1 | P355NL2 | P460NH | |
| P460NL1 | P460NL2 | P275N | P460N | |
| EN10028-5 | P355M | P355ML1 | P355ML2 | P420M |
| P420ML1 | P420ML2 | P460M | P460ML1 | |
| P460ML2 | ||||
| EN10028-6 | P355Q | P355QH | P355QL1 | P355QL2 |
| P460Q | P460QH | P460QL1 | P460QL2 | |
| P500Q | P500QH | P500QL1 | P500QL2 | |
| P690Q | P690QH | P690QL1 | P690QL2 | |
| JIS G3115 | SPV235 | SPV315 | SPV355 | SPV410 |
| SPV450 | SPV490 | |||
| JIS G3103 | SB410 | SB450 | SB480 | SB450M |
| SB480M | ||||
| GB713 | Q245R | Q345R | Q370R | 18MnMoNbR |
| 15CrMoR | 14Cr1MoR | 13MnNiMoR | 12Cr2Mo1R | |
| 12Cr1MoVR | ||||
| GB3531 | 16MnDR | 15MnNiDR | 09MnNiDR | |
| DIN 17155 | HI | HII | 17Mn4 | 19Mn6 |
| 15Mo3 | 13CrMo44 | 10CrMo910 | ||
The material grades that between pure carbon steel pressure vessel grades and stainless steel plates. Typically standards is ASTM A387, 16Mo3 these steels have improved corrosion and temperature resistance over the standard carbon steels but without the cost of stainless steels (due to their lower nickel and chromium content).
There are many uses for boilers and pressure vessels both in industry and the private sector. Here are just a few examples:
Why do boilers and pressure vessels need specific plate steel?
Many factors are considered when designing boilers and pressure vessels. These include the size and weight of the vessel and its contents, the internal and external forces, the temperatures including ambient and operational, stresses, corrosion and much more. With these specific operational requirements, it makes sense that a safe and effective design hinges the materials used.
Boiler and pressure vessel grade steel comes in a variety of grades and thicknesses, and are designed to withstand the immense internal pressure. These grades are fully killed, fine grained carbon-manganese steels produced by hot rolling and normalising. Importantly, these steel grades are designed to leak before burst.
There are many grades available, such as PT460N, PT490NR, and PT540T to name only a few. Boiler and pressure vessels steel grades are available in varying thicknesses for varying purposes. For example, there are steel grades with elevated temperature properties available.
Weather Resistant Steel Plates are used in applications that last longer and are exposed to the atmosphere for long term. Applications that have to have plates in the open often use these Corrosion Resistant Steel Plates in combination with pipes, fittings and flanges. The material can vary in composition but all the weathering steels types have low carbon, less than 0.3% by weight. This low carbon allows for the ductility and toughness of the Weather Resistant Steels Sheet. The name comes from the ability of the material to withstand weathering or atmospheric conditions over time. The specialty of the Corten Weather Resistant Steels is that it forms an oxide layer on the surface. This oxide layer cannot oxidize any further, so it acts as a barrier between the steels inside the layer and the oxidizing agents to the outside of the plates.
| Standard | Steel Grade | |||
| CORTEN | Corten A | Corten B | ||
| ASTM A588/A588M | A588Grade A | A588Grade B | A588Grade C | A588Grade K |
| ASME SA588/SA588M | SA588Grade A | SA588Grade B | SA588Grade C | SA588Grade K |
| EN 10025-5 | S235J0W | S235J2W | S355J0WP | S355J2WP |
| S355J0W | S355J2W | S355K2W | ||
| EN 10155 | S235J0W | S235J2W | S355J0WP | S355J2WP |
| S355J0W | S355J2G1W | S355J2G2W | S355K2G1W | |
| S355K2G2W | ||||
| TB/T 1979 | 08CuPVRE | 09CuPTiRE-A | 09CuPTiRE-B | 09CuPCrNi-A |
| 09CuPCrNi-B | 05CuPCrNi | |||
| GB/T 4171 | Q295GNH | Q355GNH | Q265GNH | Q235NH |
| Q310GNH | Q295NH | Q355NH | Q415NH | |
| Q460NH | Q500NH | Q550NH | ||
| JIS G 3114 | SMA400AW | SMA400BW | SMA400CW | SMA400AP |
| SMA400BP | SMA400CP | SMA490AW | SMA490BW | |
| SMA490CW | SMA490AP | SMA490BP | SMA490CP | |
| SMA570W | SMA570P | |||
| JIS G3125 | SPA-H | SPA-C | ||
| A242/A242M | A242 Type 1 | A242 Type 2 | A242 Type 3 | A242 Type 4 |
| A242 Type 5 | ||||
ASTM Corten steel plate is widely used in vehicle, bridge, tower, container and so on field. In practical application, ASTM Corten steel plate has many advantages, which leads to weather plate in container, railway vehicle, oil derrick and other environments with more contact with the atmosphere, and it can also be applied to some vessels and other structural parts containing hydrogen sulfide corrosive medium.
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