ASTM A234 WPB Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service.
ASTM A234 WPB refers to a specific grade of carbon steel pipe fittings, which are widely used in pressure piping and pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures.
ASTM A234 WPB is a widely accepted standard for manufacturing carbon steel pipe fittings that are safe and reliable for use in various industrial applications.
ASTM A234 covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings (both seamless and welded) that are covered by the latest revision of various industry standards, including ASME B16.9, B16.11, MSS-SP-79, MSS-SP-83, MSS-SP-95, and MSS-SP-97. These fittings are typically used for conveying fluids and gases under high pressure and high temperature conditions.
ASTM A234 specification has many grades, with WPB being the most common grade used for medium and high-temperature pipelines.
ASTM A234 WPB is the most prevalent carbon steel grade for ASME B16.9 pipe fittings. Hot-formed WPB fittings upon which the final forming operation is completed at a temperature above 1150°F [620°C] and below 1800°F [980°C] need not be heat treated provided they are cooled in still air. Hot-formed WPB fittings finished at temperature in excess of 1800°F [980°C] shall subsequently be annealed, normalized, or normalized and tempered. Cold-formed WPB fittings, upon which the final forming operation is completed at a temperature below 1150°F [620°C], shall be normalized, or shall be stress relieved at 1100 to 1275 °F [595 to 690 °C]. The WPB fittings produced by fusion welding and having a nominal wall thickness at the welded joint of 3/4″ [19 mm] or greater shall be post-weld heat treated at 1100 to 1250 °F [595 to 675 °C].
| Grade | Type | C | Si | S | P | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | Other | ób | ós | δ5 |
| WPB | 0.3 | 0.1min | 0.058 | 0.05 | 0.29-1.06 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.15 | V:0.06;Nb:0.02 | 415-585 | 240 | 22 | 197 |
For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified C maximum, an increase of 0.06% Mn above the specified maximum will be permitted, up to a maximum of 1.35%.
The sum of Cu, Ni, Cr, and Mo shall not exceed 1.00%.
The sum of Cr and Mo shall not exceed 0.32%.
The maximum carbon equivalent (C.E.) shall be 0.50, based on heat analysis and the formula C.E.=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15.
| Item | Tensile Strength (KSI) | Yield Strength (KSI) |
| WPB | 60 | 35 |
Ceramic lined pipe is made through self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique.
Cast basalt lined steel pipe is composed by lined with cast basalt pipe, outside steel pipe and cement mortar filling between the two layers.
Ceramic tile lined pipes have very uniform coating of specially formulated ceramic material that is affixed to the inner of the pipe.
The material of the rare earth alloy wear-resistant pipe is ZG40CrMnMoNiSiRe, which is also the grade of rare earth alloy steel.
Tubes Erosion Shields are used to protect boiler tubing from the highly erosive effects of high temperatures and pressures thereby greatly extending tube life.
The ASTM A213 T91 seamless tubes are primarily used for boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger.
