Carbon steel seamless pipes

Carbon steel seamless pipes

Carbon seamless steel pipes advantages are high pressure resistance, good toughness, long pipe sections and few joints.

Carbon steel seamless pipes are made by drawing a solid billet over a piercing rose to create a cylindrical hollow section without welding or a seam. They are preferred for higher pressure pipe systems and are widely used in the manufacturing of pipe fittings such as bends, elbows, and tees. They are also used in the nuclear device, gas conveyance, petrochemical, shipbuilding and boiler industries.

Heat Exchanger Tubes Heat Exchanger Tubes
Carbon steel seamless pipes
Carbon steel seamless pipes
Carbon steel seamless pipes
Carbon steel seamless pipes
Carbon steel seamless pipes
Carbon steel seamless pipes
Carbon steel seamless pipes
Carbon steel seamless pipes
Carbon steel seamless pipes
Carbon steel seamless pipes

What is seamless carbon steel pipe?

Seamless carbon steel pipe is a type of steel pipe that is manufactured without any welded joints or seams. It is produced by piercing a solid billet of carbon steel to create a hollow tube. The absence of a weld seam in seamless carbon steel pipes makes them stronger and more reliable for high-pressure and high-temperature applications compared to welded pipes.

Seamless carbon steel pipes are commonly used in industries such as oil and gas, petrochemical, power generation, and refineries. They are suitable for conveying various fluids and gases, including water, oil, natural gas, and steam. The seamless construction of these pipes ensures smooth flow and reduces the risk of leaks or failures.

Seamless carbon steel pipes come in various sizes, wall thicknesses, and grades to meet different application requirements. They are often manufactured according to industry standards such as ASTM A53, ASTM A106, API 5L, and others.

Overall, seamless carbon steel pipes offer excellent strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion, making them a preferred choice for many critical applications in various industries.

What is the difference between carbon steel pipe and seamless steel pipe?

  1. Carbon steel pipe: is made of iangot or round solid steel perforated into capillary, and then made by hot rolling, cold rolling or cold pull-out.
  2. Seamless steel pipe: steel pipe made of whole metal with no joints on the surface.

What grade is carbon steel seamless pipe?

The complex chemical and physical properties of the various grades of carbon steel pipe allow for a broad range of service usage. American Piping Products has the right grade, size and price to meet your requirements, including A/SA-106 Grade B/C and API 5L X- 42 thru X -70. A/SA-106 Grades B & C are utilized for services ranging from structural supports to steam drum headers with temperature ranges up to 800°F, while API 5L X Grades 42 thru 70 are utilized for the water and petroleum industry to transport liquids or as platforms on off-shore rigs.

Typical carbon steel pipe material grades in API 5L Grade B, X42 to X70, ASTM A106 B, ASTM A53 B, ASTM A252 Grade 3 and ASTM A333 Grade 6 etc. Octal offers various of carbon steel pipes including seamless, welded (ERW EFW, LSAW, SSAW) steel pipes for the mining industries.

What are the different types of carbon steel pipes

The Carbon Steel pipes are manufactured in various types, as given below:

Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe

 – it contains more carbon and iron in its composition. Depending on the grade, trace amounts of silicon, manganese, and copper are permitted in varying quantities. Therefore, the Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe material is stronger and is extremely resistant to stress. In heavy-duty facilities, these features make the pipes applicable.

Carbon Steel ASTM A335 Pipe

 – The ASTM A335 P11 Seamless Pipe consists of carbon steel with a minimum tensile strength of 415MPa and a minimum yield strength of 205MPa. The material has high durability and high resistance to wear and tear. They are made up of Carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulphur, silicon, chromium, and molybdenum. The composition of the ASME SA335 Grade Crome Pipe gives it the characteristics of strength, strength, stiffness, wear resistance, hardness, hot hardness, and corrosion resistance.

Carbon Steel Fabricated Pipes

 – offer high durability, corrosion resistance, and tensile strength. The Carbon Steel Fabricated Pipes are used in various industries such as Oil & Gas Industry, Chemical Industry, Metallurgical Industry, Energy Industry, Ships Industry, Desalination Industry, Food Industry, and Pulp and Paper Industry.

Carbon Steel Welded Pipe

 – are used in high-pressure conditions. In a range of industries, such as the transport of water and waste, the oil and gas industries, high-pressure applications, and chemical manufacturing, carbon steel pipes are commonly used.

Carbon Steel ERW Pipe

 – have various features like Lightweight, Corrosion resistance, structured appropriately, Precision engineered, intricate detailing, Economical, and more. These ERW pipes are used in Ship Building, Automobile, Boilers & Pressure Vessels, Railways, Oil & Petro Chemicals, Coal & Mining, Transmission Towers, and General & Heavy Engineering.

Carbon Steel LSAW Pipe

 – has some fine features such as easy installation, seamless finish, Rustproof, and more. As these LSAW pipes are expensive, they are not widely used in lower value non-energy applications such as water pipelines.

Tube blank piercing of seamless carbon steel pipe

Piercing is the first process of deformation of seamless carbon steel pipe, and its function is to pass the solid tube blank out of the hollow capillary. Due to the surface defect or eccentricity (uneven wall thickness) of the threaded capillary, it is difficult to eliminate or reduce it in the subsequent deformation process. Therefore, the quality of the perforated capillary has an extremely important influence on the quality of the hot-rolled seamless steel pipe. The perforation methods of the tube blank include press punching, push rolling perforation and oblique rolling perforation.

1 Pressure punching

Pressure punching is to put the heated billet or corrugated steel ingot into the circular mold, and then use the press to drive the punch to punch out the inner hole in the center of the tube blank. Generally, the area of the punched inner hole is equal to or slightly larger than the gap between the blank and the round die, so the deformation is very small, and the elongation coefficient generally does not exceed 1.1.

2 push rolling piercing

Push-roll piercing can be regarded as an improved form of pressure punching, that is, the fixed round die during pressure punching is changed to a pair of round-hole pass rolls, and the rolls are driven by a motor. When the roll turns to bite the tube blank into the pass and roll it, the punch fixed in the center of the pass penetrates it into the hollow capillary. For push rolling, a reverse thrust is added to the end of the billet, so it is called push rolling piercing.

The advantages of push roll perforation are as follows:

  1. The center of the billet is in a state of compressive stress. This process is a combined process of stamping and longitudinal rolling, which will not cause infolding defects of twin-roll cross rolling. The inner surface of the capillary is of good quality, and the requirements for the quality of the blank are relatively low;
  2. The average unit pressure of the punch is about 50% smaller than that of the pressure perforation, so the tool consumption is small;
  3. During the piercing process, the metal in the center of the blank is mainly deformed, so that the coarse and loose structure in the center is well processed and densified. At the same time, under the action of compressive stress, the inner and outer surfaces of the capillary are not easy to crack.
  4. The productivity is higher than that of pressure piercing, up to two per minute;

Push-rolling perforation was a method for circular continuous casting technology that was not yet mature at that time, and required square continuous casting slab perforation and tube rolling. Although it has been greatly improved compared with pressure stamping, the amount of deformation is still small, so the capillary is short and thick, and it is particularly prone to large uneven wall thickness. Therefore, after piercing, it is necessary to set up a skewed roll stretching machine to reduce the capillary wall thickness, extend the capillary length, and reduce the unevenness of the capillary wall thickness. However, with the maturity of round billet continuous casting technology, this method has been gradually replaced by cross rolling piercing.

3 cross rolling piercing

The cross-rolling piercing is to use the circular tube billet to be bitten by two mutually inclined and co-rotating rolls, and advance in a spiral shape. The tube blank passes through the hollow capillary through the pass formed by the roller, the guide plate (or guide roller, guide plate) and the plug.

In fact, the round tube billet is bitten by the roll, rotated and compressed, deformed, and spirally advances. Before contacting the plug, the plastic deformation of the central area of the tube blank under repeated tensile and compressive stress gradually develops into loosening. As the looseness increases, the center breaks down forming a "cavity" (also known as the "swing effect"). Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the front end of the plug to the loose position of the tube blank, so as not to form a "cavity". At this time, the perforation force consumption is small, the tool wear is small, and the capillary quality is good. If the "cavity" has been formed, the tube blank is deformed in contact with the plug, and it is easy to form an "inward fold" in the capillary inner hole.

Available grades and size range

Carbon steel is an alloy with carbon and iron, with carbon content up to 2.1% by weight. The increase in the carbon percentage will raise steel’s hardness and strength, but it will be less ductile. Carbon steel has good properties in hardness and strength, and it is less expensive than other steels.

API SPEC 5CT

Product Name Executive Standard Dimension (mm) Steel Code / Steel Grade
Casting API 5CT Ø114~219 x WT5.2~22.2 J55, K55, N80, L80, P110
Tubing API 5CT Ø48.3~114.3 x WT3.2~16 J55, K55, N80, L80, P110

API SPEC 5L

Product Name Executive Standard Dimension (mm) Steel Code / Steel Grade
Line Pipes API 5L Ø10.3~1200 x WT1.0~120 A, B, X42, X46, X52, X60, X70, X80, PSL1 / PSL2

ASTM / ASME

Product Name Executive Standard Dimension (mm) Steel Code / Steel Grade
 Black and Hot-Dipped Zinc-Coated Seamless Steel Pipes ASTM A53 Ø10.3~1200 x WT1.0~150 Gr.A, Gr.B, Gr.C
Seamless Carbon Steel Pipes for High Temperature Service ASTM A106 Ø10.3~1200 x WT1.0~150 Gr.B, Gr.C
Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes ASTM A179 Ø10.3~426 x WT1.0~36 Low Carbon Steel
Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High Pressure ASTM A192 Ø10.3~426 x WT1.0~36 Low Carbon Steel
Seamless Cold-Drawn Intermediate Alloy Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes ASTM A199 Ø10.3~426 x 1.0~36 T5, T22
Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes ASTM A210 Ø10.3~426 x WT1.0~36 A1, C
Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy Steel Boiler, Superheater and Heat-Exchanger Tubes ASTM A213 Ø10.3~426 x WT1.0~36 T5, T9, T11, T12, T22, T91
Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel for Mechanical Tubing ASTM A333 Ø1/4"~42" x WT SCH20~XXS Gr.1, Gr.3, Gr.6
Seamless and Welded Carbon Steel Pipes and Alloy Steel Pipes for Low Temperature Use ASTM A334 Ø1/4"~4" x WT SCH20~SCH80 Gr.1, Gr.6
Seamless Cold-Drawn Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes ASTM A556 Ø10.3~426 x WT1.0~36 A2, B2

DIN

Product Name Executive Standard Dimension (mm) Steel Code / Steel Grade
Seamless Steel Tubes for Elevated Temperature DIN 17175 Ø10~762 x WT1.0~120 St35.8, St45.8, 10CrMo910, 15Mo3, 13CrMo44, STPL340, STB410, STB510, WB36
Seamless Steel Tubes DIN 1629 / DIN 2391 Ø13.5~762 x WT1.8~120 St37.0, St44.0, St52.0, St52.3
Seamless Steel Tubes DIN 2440 Ø13.5~165.1 x WT1.8~4.85 St33.2
Seamless Steel Pipes for Structural Purpose DIN 2393 Ø16~426 x WT1.0~36 RSt34-2, RSt37-2, RSt44-2, St52

BS

Product Name Executive Standard Dimension (mm) Steel Code / Steel Grade
Seamless Steel Tubes for Machine Structure BS 970 Ø10~762 x WT1.0~120 Carbon Steel
Seamless Steel Tubes for Boiler and Heat Exchangers BS 3059 Ø10~762 x WT1.0~120 360, 410, 440, 460, 490

Standards and uses of carbon steel pipes

1. Structural carbon steel pipe is a carbon steel pipe for general structure and mechanical structure.

2. carbon steel pipe for fluid transportation is a general carbon steel pipe used to transport water, oil, gas and other fluids.

3. carbon steel pipes for low and medium pressure boilers (GB3087-2008) are used to manufacture superheated steam pipes, boiling water pipes, and superheated steam pipes, large smoke pipes, small smoke pipes and arch bricks for low and medium pressure boilers of various structures. Hot-rolled and cold-drawn (rolled) carbon steel pipes of high-quality carbon structural steel for pipes.

4. Seamless tubes for high pressure boilers (GB5310-2008) are high-quality carbon steel, alloy steel and stainless heat-resistant steel seamless tubes used to manufacture the heating surface of water-tube boilers with high pressure and above.

5. High-pressure carbon steel pipe for fertilizer equipment (GB6479-2000) is a high-quality carbon structural steel and alloy steel carbon steel pipe suitable for chemical equipment and pipelines with a working temperature of -40~400℃ and a working pressure of 10~30Ma.

6. carbon steel pipes for petroleum cracking (GB9948-2006) are carbon steel pipes for furnace tubes, heat exchangers and pipelines in petroleum refineries.

7. The steel pipe for geological drilling (YB235-70) is a steel pipe used by the geological department for core drilling. It can be divided into drill pipe, drill collar, core pipe, casing and sedimentation pipe according to the purpose.

8. carbon steel pipe for diamond core drilling (GB3423-82) is a carbon steel pipe for drill pipe, core pipe and casing for diamond core drilling.

9. Oil drilling pipe (YB528-65) is a carbon steel pipe used for inner or outer thickening at both ends of oil drilling.

10. Carbon steel carbon steel pipe for ships (GB5312-85)

It is a seamless carbon steel pipe used for the manufacture of Class I pressure-resistant piping systems, Class II pressure-resistant piping systems, boilers and superheaters. The working temperature of the carbon steel carbon steel pipe wall does not exceed 450 ℃, and the working temperature of the alloy steel carbon steel pipe wall exceeds 450 ℃.

11. The carbon steel pipe for automobile axle casing (GB3088-82) is a high-quality carbon structural steel and alloy structural steel hot-rolled carbon steel pipe used in the manufacture of automobile axle casing and drive axle axle casing.

12. Diesel high-pressure oil pipe (GB3093-86) is a cold-drawn carbon steel pipe for manufacturing high-pressure pipes for diesel injection systems.

13. Precision inner diameter carbon steel pipes for hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders (GB8713-88) are cold drawn or cold rolled precision carbon steel pipes with precise inner diameters for the manufacture of hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders.

14. Cold-drawn or cold-rolled precision carbon steel pipes (GB3639-83) are cold-drawn or cold-rolled precision carbon steel pipes with high dimensional accuracy and good surface finish for mechanical structures and hydraulic equipment. Use precision carbon steel pipes to manufacture mechanical structures or hydraulic equipment.

15. Structural stainless steel carbon steel pipes (GB/T14975-2002) are hot-rolled ( Extrusion, expansion) and cold drawn (rolled) carbon steel pipes.

16. Stainless steel carbon steel pipes for fluid transportation (GB/T14976-2002) are hot-rolled (extruded, expanded) and cold-drawn (rolled) carbon steel pipes made of stainless steel for fluid transportation.

17. Special-shaped carbon steel pipe is a general term for carbon steel pipes with other cross-sectional shapes other than round pipes. According to the shape and size of the steel pipe section, it can be divided into equal-wall thickness special-shaped carbon steel pipe (code D), unequal wall thickness special-shaped carbon steel pipe (code BD), variable diameter special-shaped carbon steel pipe (code BJ). Shaped carbon steel pipes are widely used in various structural parts, tools and mechanical parts.

18. Seamless steel pipes for low temperature pipelines (GB/T18984-2003) are seamless steel pipes used for low temperature pressure vessel pipelines and low temperature heat exchanger pipelines at the level of -45℃~-195℃.

Generally, carbon steel pipes are made of 10, 20, 30, 35, 45 and other high-quality carbon steel 16Mn, 5MnV and other low-alloy structural steel or 40Cr, 30CrMnSi, 45Mn2, 40MnB and other combined steel hot-rolled or cold-rolled. carbon steel pipes made of low carbon steel such as 10 and 20 are mainly used for fluid transportation pipelines. 45, 40Cr and other medium carbon steel carbon steel pipes are used to manufacture mechanical parts, such as the stressed parts of automobiles and tractors.

Generally, carbon steel pipes are used to ensure strength and flattening tests. Hot-rolled steel pipes are delivered in a hot-rolled state or heat-treated state; cold-rolled steel pipes are delivered in a heat-treated state. carbon steel pipes for low and medium pressure boilers: used to manufacture various low and medium pressure boilers, superheated steam pipes, boiling water pipes, water wall pipes and superheated steam pipes, large smoke pipes, small smoke pipes and arch brick pipes for locomotive boilers.

Hot-rolled or cold-rolled seamless tubes with high-quality carbon structural steel. Mainly made of No. 10 and No. 20 steel, in addition to ensuring chemical composition and mechanical properties, water pressure test, hemming, flaring, flattening and other tests are required. Hot-rolled delivery is in hot-rolled state, and cold-rolled is delivered in heat-treated state.

Seamless tube processing

With years of expertise, we provide a diverse array of steel tube processing options. From sawing and machining tube blanks to intricate bending and upsetting operations, we actively assist you throughout your projects.

Our capabilities extend to eccentricity reduction and concentricity enhancement through turning and grinding. We excel in creating complex geometries using processes like rotary swaging and axial forming. Additionally, we offer property modifications via partial heat treatment, ensuring tailored solutions for your specific needs.

Variable wall thicknesses

Variable wall thicknesses

Drilling / stamping / lasering

Drilling / stamping / lasering

Peeling / roller burnishing

Peeling / roller burnishing

Cold forming

Cold forming

Cutting

Cutting

Beveling

Beveling

Deburring

Deburring

Thread rolling / threading

Thread rolling / threading

Partial hardening

Partial hardening

Turning / milling / grinding

Turning / milling / grinding

Reducing / expanding

Reducing / expanding

Machining

Machining

Alloying Elements

Commonly used alloying elements and their effects are listed in the table given below.

Alloying Elements Effect on the Properties
Chromium Increases Resistance to corrosion   and oxidation. Increases hardenability and wear resistance. Increases high   temperature strength.
Nickel Increases hardenability. Improves   toughness. Increases impact strength at low temperatures.
Molybdenum Increases hardenability, high   temperature hardness, and wear resistance. Enhances the effects of other   alloying elements. Eliminate temper brittleness in steels. Increases high   temperature strength.
Manganese Increases hardenability. Combines   with sulfur to reduce its adverse effects.
Vanadium Increases hardenability, high   temperature hardness, and wear resistance. Improves fatigue resistance.
Titanium Strongest carbide former. Added to   stainless steel to prevent precipitation of chromium carbide.
Silicon Removes oxygen in steel making.   Improves toughness. Increases hardness ability
Boron Increases hardenability. Produces   fine grain size.
Aluminum Forms nitride in nitriding steels.   Produces fine grain size in casting. Removes oxygen in steel melting.
Cobalt Increases heat and wear   resistance.
Tungsten Increases hardness at elevated   temperatures. Refines grain size.

【H】 Ceramic lined pipe

Ceramic lined pipe is made through self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique.

【H】 Cast basalt lined steel pipe

Cast basalt lined steel pipe is composed by lined with cast basalt pipe, outside steel pipe and cement mortar filling between the two layers.

【H】 Ceramic Tile Lined Pipes

Ceramic tile lined pipes have very uniform coating of specially formulated ceramic material that is affixed to the inner of the pipe.

【H】 Rare earth alloy wear-resistant pipe

The material of the rare earth alloy wear-resistant pipe is ZG40CrMnMoNiSiRe, which is also the grade of rare earth alloy steel.

【H】 Tubes Erosion Shields

Tubes Erosion Shields are used to protect boiler tubing from the highly erosive effects of high temperatures and pressures thereby greatly extending tube life.

【H】 ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Tube

The ASTM A213 T91 seamless tubes are primarily used for boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger.

Ni-Hard Wearback Pipes Ni-Hard Wearback Pipes
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