Gr1 Gr2 Gr7 Gr9 Gr12 Heat Exchanger Tubing
ASTM B338 standard titanium heat exchanger tubing, seamless and welded types, multiple alloy grades for power, chemical, desalination and marine heat transfer equipment.
Official Standard for Seamless & Welded Tubing for Condensers, Evaporators & Heat Exchangers
| Item | Standard Details |
|---|---|
| Standard Designation | ASTM B338-17(R21), Equivalent ASME SB338 |
| Full Standard Name | Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers | Issuing Organization | ASTM International |
| Revision & Reapproval Date | July 13, 2017; Reapproved 2021 |
| ICS Code | 23.040.15 |
| Document Pages | 9 Official Standard Pages |
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for 28 grades of titanium and titanium alloy tubing intended for surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers. Two manufacturing forms are defined: seamless tube and welded tube.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are standard; SI unit conversions in parentheses are provided for reference only and shall not be regarded as mandatory.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the WTO Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
| Grade No. | UNS Number | Material Composition Description |
|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | R50250 | Unalloyed pure titanium, low oxygen content |
| Grade 2 / Grade 2H | R50400 | General pure titanium; 2H = high tensile strength variant for pressure vessels |
| Grade 3 | R50550 | Higher strength unalloyed titanium |
| Grade 7 / Grade 7H | R52400 | Ti + 0.12~0.25% Palladium; H = high strength grade |
| Grade 9 | R56320 | Ti-3Al-2.5V medium strength titanium alloy |
| Grade 11 | R52250 | Ti + 0.12~0.25% palladium |
| Grade 12 | R53400 | Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni anti-corrosion alloy |
| Grade 13 | R53413 | Ti-0.5Ni-0.05Ru |
| Grade 14 | R53414 | Ti-0.5Ni-0.05Ru |
| Grade 15 | R53415 | Ti-0.5Ni-0.05Ru |
| Grade 16 / Grade 16H | R52402 | Ti + 0.04~0.08% palladium; high strength H version |
| Grade 17 | R52252 | Ti + 0.04~0.08% palladium |
| Grade 18 | R56322 | Ti-3Al-2.5V + 0.04~0.08% palladium |
| Grade 26 / Grade 26H | R52404 | Ti + 0.08~0.14% ruthenium; H high tensile variant |
| Grade 27 | R52254 | Ti + 0.08~0.14% ruthenium |
| Grade 28 | R56323 | Ti-3Al-2.5V + 0.08~0.14% ruthenium |
| Grade 30 | R53530 | Ti-0.3Co-0.05Pd |
| Grade 31 | R53532 | Ti-0.3Co-0.05Pd |
| Grade 33 | R53442 | Ti-0.4Ni-0.015Pd-0.025Ru-0.15Cr |
| Grade 34 | R53445 | Ti-0.4Ni-0.015Pd-0.025Ru-0.15Cr |
| Grade 35 | R56340 | Ti-4.5Al-2Mo-1.6V-0.5Fe-0.3Si |
| Grade 36 | R58450 | Ti-45Niobium alloy |
| Grade 37 | R52815 | Ti-1.5Al low alloy titanium |
| Grade 38 | R54250 | Ti-4Al-2.5V-1.5Fe |
| Grade 39 | R53390 | Ti-0.25Fe-0.4Si |
Note: H suffix grades share identical chemical composition with base grades, with higher minimum tensile strength (58 ksi / 400 MPa), specially designed for pressure vessel equipment.
TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA
| Element | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 7 | Grade 9 | Grade 11 | Grade 12 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen, max | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| Carbon, max | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| Hydrogen,B,C max | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 |
| Iron, max | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.30 |
| Oxygen, max | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.25 |
| Aluminum | … | … | … | … | 2.5–3.5 | … | … |
| Vanadium | … | … | … | … | 2.0–3.0 | … | … |
| Tin | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Ruthenium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Palladium | … | … | … | 0.12–0.25 | … | 0.12–0.25 | … |
| Cobalt | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Molybdenum | … | … | … | … | … | … | 0.2–0.4 |
| Chromium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Nickel | … | … | … | … | … | … | 0.6–0.9 |
| Niobium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Zirconium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Silicon | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Residuals,D,E,F max each | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Residuals,D,E,F max total | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| TitaniumG | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance |
TABLE 1 Continued
| Element | Grade 13 | Grade 14 | Grade 15 | Grade 16 | Grade 17 | Grade 18 | Grade 26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen, max | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| Carbon, max | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| Hydrogen,B,C max | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 |
| Iron, max | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 |
| Oxygen, max | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.25 |
| Aluminum | … | … | … | … | … | 2.5–3.5 | … |
| Vanadium | … | … | … | … | … | 2.0–3.0 | … |
| Ruthenium | 0.04–0.06 | 0.04–0.06 | 0.04–0.06 | … | … | … | 0.08–0.14 |
| Palladium | … | … | … | 0.04–0.08 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.04–0.08 | … |
| Nickel | 0.4–0.6 | 0.4–0.6 | 0.4–0.6 | … | … | … | … |
| Residuals,D,E,F max each | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Residuals,D,E,F max total | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| TitaniumG | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance | balance |
TABLE 2 Continued
| Element | Grade 27 | Grade 28 | Grade 30 | Grade 31 | Grade 33 | Grade 34 | Grade 35 | Grade 36 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen, max | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Carbon, max | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.04 |
| Hydrogen,B,C max | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.0035 |
| Iron, max or range | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.20–0.80 | 0.03 |
| Oxygen, max | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.16 |
| Aluminum | … | 2.5–3.5 | … | … | … | … | 4.0–5.0 | … |
| Vanadium | … | 2.0–3.0 | … | … | … | … | 1.1–2.1 | … |
| Ruthenium | 0.08–0.14 | 0.08–0.14 | … | … | 0.02–0.04 | 0.02–0.04 | … | … |
| Palladium | … | … | 0.04–0.08 | 0.04–0.08 | 0.01–0.02 | 0.01–0.02 | … | … |
| Cobalt | … | … | 0.20–0.80 | 0.20–0.80 | … | … | … | … |
| Molybdenum | … | … | … | … | … | … | 1.5–2.5 | … |
| Chromium | … | … | … | … | 0.1–0.2 | 0.1–0.2 | … | … |
| Nickel | … | … | … | … | 0.35–0.55 | 0.35–0.55 | … | … |
| Niobium | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | 42.0–47.0 |
| Silicon | … | … | … | … | … | … | 0.20–0.40 | … |
| Residuals,D,E,F max each | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Residuals,D,E,F max total | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| TitaniumG | balance | balance | balance | balance | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder |
A Analysis shall be completed for all elements listed in this table for each grade. The analysis results for the elements not quantified in the table need not be reported unless the concentration level is greater than 0.1 % each or 0.4 % total.
B Lower hydrogen may be obtained by negotiation with the manufacturer.
C Final product analysis.
D Need not be reported.
E A residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities and is inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. In titanium these elements include aluminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper, silicon, cobalt, tantalum, nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten.
F The purchaser may, in his written purchase order, request analysis for specific residual elements not listed in this specification.
G The percentage of titanium is determined by difference.
| Grade | Tensile Strength, min | Yield Strength, 0.2% Offset | Elongation in 2 in (50 mm), min, % |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ksi | MPa | min ksi | min MPa | max ksi | max MPa | ||
| 1A | 35 | 240 | 25 | 170 | 45 | 310 | 24 |
| 2A | 50 | 345 | 40 | 275 | 65 | 450 | 20 |
| 3A | 65 | 450 | |||||
