ASTM A213 Alloy Tubes
ASME SA213 Seamless Alloy Steel Tubes
P265GH seamless carbon steel tubes are a type of alloy steel tube used in a variety of industries, including power generation, petrochemicals, and chemicals.
EN 10216-2 P265GH is a specification for seamless carbon steel tubes primarily used in the manufacturing of pressure equipment. This material grade is known for its high strength and resistance to various pressures and temperatures. It is often used in industries like power generation, chemical, petrochemical, and boiler installations.
The "P" indicates that it is a pressure vessel steel grade, while "265" refers to the minimum yield strength of the material (265 MPa). "GH" indicates that the material is suitable for elevated temperature service.
EN 10216-2 is a European standard that specifies the technical delivery conditions for seamless non-alloy and alloy steel tubes for pressure purposes with specified elevated temperature properties.
The tubes are used in oil refineries, steam pipelines, power plants, and other projects. They are also used in the automobile, architectural, and oil and gas industries.
The tubes are varnished to prevent rust. They are hot-rolled and have a round cross section. The surface treatment is black paint or oiled. The tubes have a minimum tensile strength of 450 MPa. The yield strength is at least 280 MPa, and the elongation is at least 22%.
The tubes are available in diameters ranging from 10.2–711 mm and wall thicknesses ranging from 1.6–100 mm. The lengths are 5.8 m, 6 m, 11.8 m, or random.
16Mo3 ASME plates are equivalent to ASTM A204 Grade B plates, EN 10028-2 15Mo3 plates, and BS 1501 243 B plates. These plates have similar chemical composition, mechanical properties, and high-temperature performance & are used interchangeably in various industrial applications.
EN10216-2 16Mo3 pipe ASTM equivalent is ASTM A335 Grade P1, also known as ASME SA335 Grade P1. The ASTM A335 Grade P1 pipe contains a bit higher molybdenum by mass and is also used in high temperature services.
16Mo3 is a EN10028 specified pressure vessel grade chrome molybdenum steel alloy for use in elevated working temperatures. The material is used as a weldable steel in the fabrication of industrial boilers and steel pressurised vessels found in the oil, gas and chemical industry.
P265GH grade steels give optimum performance for pressurized products that require a yield limit of more than 130N / mm2 at 400ºC. These steels are characterized by good weldability. They are mainly used for the manufacture of boilers, pressure vessels and pipes for transporting hot liquids.
EN 10216-2 Grade P265GH Alloy Steel Seamless Tubes have a typical chemistry with additions of max 0.30 Chromium and max 0.08 Molybdenum. Bearing minimum tensile strength of 410 Mpa and maximum tensile strength 570 Mpa, EN 10216-2 Grade P265GH Tubes have a minimum yield strength of 265 Mpa.
P265gh is a European standard referred to as A516 grade 70 in ASME and ATM standards. TheP265gh Equivalentin India is Grade 2A, in Sweden, it is SS 14,30,01, with Italy having the Fe410-1-KW grade.
P265GH belongs to the non-alloy steels. Non-alloy steel is designed for use in continuous service up to approx. 400°C and for pipes with up to approx. 450°C wall temperature.
Mechanical qualities are the main distinction between these two classes. it has better elongation characteristics than P265gh. The min yield strength of P235gh is 235 MPa, with a min tensile strength of 360 to 480 MPa. The P265gh grade has a min yield strength of 265 MPa and a min tensile strength of 410 to 530 MPa.
P235GH is the designation alloy in the European standard, also referred to as A285 grade C steel in ASTM A285 / A285M standard.
P265GH is a weldable pressure vessel and boiler steel grade used by the world's industrial fabricators. The material, which is ideally suited for elevated temperature service, is commonly found in the oil & gas, petrochemical and chemical industry.
P235GH plate is the designation flat alloy in the European standard, also referred to as A285 grade C steel in ASTM A285 / A285M standard. The P235GH seamless tube and P235GH plates are mainly for pressure purposesuch as the manufacturing of boilers and heat exchangers, steam tubes and pressure vessels.
EN 10216-2 P265GH Seamless steel tubes shall be supplied in the relevant heat treatment conditions as specified in Table 1.
| Steel grade | Heat treatment |
Austenizing | Tempering | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steel name |
Steel number |
Temperature °C | Cooling Medium |
Temperature °C | Cooling medium |
|
| P265GH | 1.0425 | +N b | 880 to 940 | Air | - | - |
a +N = Normalising, +NT = Normalising + Tempering, +QT = Quenching + Tempering (air or liquid), +I = Isothermal Annealing.
b Normalising includes Normalising Forming.
| Steel grade | Steel number |
C | Si | Mn | P max |
S max |
Cr | Mo | Ni | Al tot | Cu | Nb | Ti max |
V | Cr+Cu +Mo+Ni |
Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P265GH | 1.0425 | ≤ 0,20 | ≤ 0,40 | ≤ 1,40 | 0,025 | 0,020 | ≤ 0,30 | ≤ 0,08 | ≤ 0,30 | ≥ 0,020 b | ≤ 0,30 c | ≤ 0,010 d | 0,040 d |
≤ 0,02 d | ≤ 0,70 | - |
| Steel grade | Upper yield strength or proof strength R eH or Rp 0,2 for Wall Thickness T min. |
Tensile Strength Rm |
Elongation A min. % a |
Minimum average absorbed energy KV/J at a temperature of °C |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steel name |
Steel number |
T ≤ 16 | 16 < T ≤ 40 | 40 < T ≤ 60 | 60 < T ≤ 100 | l | t | l | t | ||||
| MPa * | MPa * | MPa * | MPa * | MPa * | 20 | 0 | -10 | 20 | 0 | ||||
| P265GH | 1.0425 | 265 | 255 | 245 | - | 410 to 570 | 23 | 21 | - | 40 c | 28 d | - | 27 c |
Note:l = longitudinal t = transverse
| Outside Diameter D mm | Tolerances on D |
Tolerances on T for a T/D ratio | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤ 0,025 | > 0,025 ≤ 0,050 |
> 0,050 ≤ 0,10 |
> 0,10 | ||
| D ≤ 219,1 | ±1% or ±0.5mm whichever is the greater |
±12,5% or ±0.4mm whichever is the greater | |||
| D > 219,1 | ±20% | ±15% | ±12,5% | ±10% a | |
| a For outside diameters D ≥ 355,6 mm it is permitted to exceed the upper wall thickness locally by a further 5% of the wall thickness T | |||||
| Tolerances on inside diameter | Tolerances on T for a T/d ratio | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| d | d min | ≤ 0,03 | > 0,03 ≤ 0,06 |
> 0,06 ≤ 0,12 |
> 0,12 | |
| ±1% or ±2 mm whichever is the greater | (+ 2%,0)or (+ 4 mm,0) |
whichever is the greater | ±20% | ±15% | ±12,5% | ±10% a |
| a For outside diameters D ≥ 355,6 mm it is permitted to exceed the upper wall thickness locally by a further 5% of the wall thickness T | ||||||
Different grades of P265GH tubes are used for different applications. For example, the EN 10216-2 P265GH-TC1 grade has increased silicon, manganese, and phosphorus content, which improves its corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
This part of EN1026 specifies the technical delivery conditions in two test categories for seamless tubes for circular cross section, with specified elevated temperature properties, made of non-alloy and alloy steel.
P265GH tubes are primarily used in the manufacture of boilers, pressure vessels, and pipes for transporting hot liquids.
Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes - Technical delivery conditions -Part 1: Non-alloy steel tubes with specified room temperature properties
Specifies the technical delivery conditions for two qualities, T1 and T2, of seamless tubes of circular cross section, with specified room temperature properties, made of non-alloy quality steel.
Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes - Technical delivery conditions - Part 2: Non alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified elevated temperature properties; German version EN 10216-2:2002+A2:2007
The document specifies the technical delivery conditions in two test categories for seamless tubes of circular cross section, with specified elevated temperature properties, made of non-alloy and alloy steel.
Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes -Technical delivery conditions - Part 3: Alloy fine grain steel tubes
Specifies the technical delivery conditions in two categories for seamless tubes of circular cross section, made of weldable alloy fine grain steel
Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes - Technical delivery conditions -Part 4: Non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature properties
Specifies the technical delivery conditionsin two categories for seamless tubes of circular crossection, made with specified low temperature properties, made of non-alloy and alloy steel.
Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes - Technical delivery conditions-Part 5: Stainless steel tubes; German version EN 10216-5:2004, Corrigendum to DIN EN 10216-5:2004-11; German version EN 10216-5:2004/AC:2008
This Part of this European Standard specifies the technical delivery conditions in two test categories for seamless tubes of circular cross-section made of austenitic (including creep resisting steels) and austenitic-ferritic stainless steel which are applied for pressure and corrosion resisting purposes at room temperature, at low temperatures or at elevated temperatures. It is important that the purchaser, at the time of enquiry and order, takes in account the requirements of the relevant national legal regulations for the intended application.
Steel is common called carbon steel because of the mixture of carbon atoms with iron atoms. The added elements provide the steel with ductility and strength. During the smelting process, other elements, such as aluminum is added to the steel making it an alloy steel. Non-alloy steel has no elements added to the steel as it is smelted.
The manufacturing of steel is done by placing ore in a furnace a smelting the ore. The smelting process removes any impurities in the iron ore. Once the first smelting process is performed, the steel still has too much carbon content to become non-alloy steel. The smelting process is performed again and again until the carbon content in the ore falls below 1.5 percent of the total content.
The smelting process melts the iron ore. By melting the ore, the extraction of elements and impurities can be accomplished. The manufacturer only wants the iron and a small amount of carbon from the ore to make non-alloy steel. During the smelting process, elements get added to the ore such as cobalt, copper and aluminum, which makes the steel an alloy steel. Non-alloy steel has no other elements added to the iron and carbon during the smelting process.
The non-alloy steel must be tempered at a certain temperature because it does not use other elements to make it flexible and durable. Tempering non-alloy steel at a certain temperature make the steel more sensitive to cracking when being welded.
| Inspection and test type | Test frequency | Test category | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mandatory tests | Ladle analysis | One per ladle | 1 | 2 |
| Tensile testing in room temperature | One per every test pipe | X | X | |
| Flattening test for D<600mm and the ratio of D≤0.15 but T≤40mm or ring testing for D>150mm and T ≤40mm | X | X | ||
| Rolling test on a mandrel bar for D≤150mm and T≤10mm or ring testing for D≤114,3mm and T ≤12,5mm | X | X | ||
| Resilience testing at the temperature of 20 ºC | X | X | ||
| Tightness testing | Every pipe | X | X | |
| Dimensional testing | X | X | ||
| Visual inspection | X | X | ||
| NDT in order to identify longitudinal discontinuity | Every pipe | X | X | |
| Material identification for alloy steel | X | X | ||
| Optional tests | Final product analysis | One per ladle | X | X |
| Tensile testing at elevated temperature | One per ladle and for the same thermal processing conditions | X | X | |
| Resilience testing | One per every test pipe | X | X | |
| Resilience testing in the machine direction at the temperature of -10ºC for non-alloy steel grades | X | X | ||
| Wall thickness measurement at a distance from pipe ends | X | X | ||
| NDT in order to identify transverse discontinuity | Every pipe |
X | X | |
| NDT in order to identify delamination | X | X | ||
| EN 10216-2 Outside diameter and wall thickness tolerances | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outside diameter D mm | Permissible deviations of outside diameter D |
Permissible deviations of wall thickness depending on the T/D ratio |
|||
| ≤0.025 | >0.025 ≤0.050 |
>0.050 ≤0.10 |
>0.10 | ||
| D≤219,1 | +\- 1% or =\- 0.5mm depending on which is greater | +\- 12,5% or 0.4 mm depending on which is greater | |||
| D>219,1 | =\- 20% | =\- 15% | =\- 12,5% | =\- 10% | |
For the outside diameter of D≥355,6 mm, local deviation outside of the upper deviation limit by further 5% of the wall thickness T is permitted
With years of expertise, we provide a wide range of steel tube processing services. From basic sawing and machining to complex bending and upsetting operations, we support you at every stage of your project.
Our capabilities include eccentricity reduction and concentricity improvement through turning and grinding. We specialize in creating complex geometries using rotary swaging and axial forming, and offer property modifications through partial heat treatment to meet your exact requirements.
Alloy steel pipes are engineered for high-temperature, high-pressure and corrosive service where carbon steel cannot deliver sufficient strength or long-term reliability.
By incorporating Cr, Mo, Ni and other alloying elements, these pipes provide excellent resistance to oxidation, creep and corrosion—making them ideal for critical power, petrochemical and refining systems.
| Condition | Typical Application |
|---|---|
| High Temperature | Boilers, superheaters, steam headers |
| Low Temperature | Cryogenic processing systems |
| High Pressure | Power & process piping |
| Corrosive Media | Chemical & petrochemical plants |
| Creep Service | Thermal power stations |
| Product | Specification |
|---|---|
| Seamless Pipes | ASTM A335 P1 / P5 / P9 / P11 / P22 / P91 |
| Butt Weld Fittings | ASTM A234 WP1 / WP5 / WP9 / WP11 / WP22 / WP91 |
| Forged Fittings & Flanges | ASTM A182 F1 / F5 / F9 / F11 / F22 / F91 |
Sunny Steel supplies alloy steel piping systems worldwide, supporting projects that demand certified materials, full traceability and long-term operational reliability.
Chemical composition inspection, mechanical properties test(tensile strength,yield strength, elongation, flaring, flattening, bending, hardness, impact test), surface and dimension test, non-destructive test, hydrostatic test.
Identification of the chemical composition of the metal used to manufacture the fitting. Uses PMI sensors, including X-ray fluorescence or optical emission spectrometry.
Steel pipe delivery status(condition): cold / hard (BK), cold / soft (BKW), after cold stress relief annealing (BKS), annealing (GBK), normalized (NBK).
| Term | Symbol | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Cold-finished/hard (cold-finished as-drawn) | BK | No heat treatment after the last cold-forming process. The tubes therefore have only low deformability. |
| Cold-finished/soft (lightly cold-worked) | BKW | After the last heat treatment there is a light finishing pass (cold drawing). With proper subsequent processing, the tube can be cold-formed (e.g. bent, expanded) within certain limits. |
| Annealed | GBK | After the final cold-forming process the tubes are annealed in a controlled atmosphere or under vacuum. |
| Normalized | NBK | The tubes are annealed above the upper transformation point in a controlled atmosphere or under vacuum. |
The general cold strip mills, volume should go through continuous annealing (CAPL unit) to eliminate cold hardening and rolling stress, or batch annealing reach the mechanical properties of the corresponding standard specifies. Cold rolled steel surface quality, appearance, dimensional accuracy better than hot-rolled plate, and right-rolled thin product thickness is about 0.18mm, so the majority of users favor.
Cold rolled steel coil substrate products deep processing of high value-added products. Such as electro-galvanized, hot dip galvanized, electro-galvanized fingerprint resistant, painted steel roll damping composite steel, PVC laminating steel plates, etc., so that the excellent quality of these products has a beautiful, high resistance to corrosion, has been widely used.
Cold rolled steel coil finishing after annealing, cut the head, tail, trimming, flattening, smooth, heavy volume, or longitudinal clipboard. Cold-rolled products are widely used in automobile manufacturing, household electrical appliances, instruments, switches, buildings, office furniture and other industries. Steel plate strapping package weight of 3 to 5 tons. Flat sub-volume typically 3 to 10 tons / volume. Coil diameter 6m.
Bare packing/bundle packing/crate packing/wooden protection at the both sides of tubes and suitably protected for seaworthy delivery or as requested.
There are probably hundreds of different methods for packing a pipe, and most of them have merit, but there are two principles that are vital for any method to work: prevent rusting and sea transportation security.
Our packing can meet any needs of the customers.
Commonly used alloying elements and their effects are listed in the table given below.
| Alloying Elements | Effect on the Properties |
|---|---|
| Chromium | Increases Resistance to corrosion and oxidation. Increases hardenability and wear resistance. Increases high temperature strength. |
| Nickel | Increases hardenability. Improves toughness. Increases impact strength at low temperatures. |
| Molybdenum | Increases hardenability, high temperature hardness, and wear resistance. Enhances the effects of other alloying elements. Eliminate temper brittleness in steels. Increases high temperature strength. |
| Manganese | Increases hardenability. Combines with sulfur to reduce its adverse effects. |
| Vanadium | Increases hardenability, high temperature hardness, and wear resistance. Improves fatigue resistance. |
| Titanium | Strongest carbide former. Added to stainless steel to prevent precipitation of chromium carbide. |
| Silicon | Removes oxygen in steel making. Improves toughness. Increases hardness ability |
| Boron | Increases hardenability. Produces fine grain size. |
| Aluminum | Forms nitride in nitriding steels. Produces fine grain size in casting. Removes oxygen in steel melting. |
| Cobalt | Increases heat and wear resistance. |
| Tungsten | Increases hardness at elevated temperatures. Refines grain size. |
Ceramic lined pipe is made through self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique.
Cast basalt lined steel pipe is composed by lined with cast basalt pipe, outside steel pipe and cement mortar filling between the two layers.
Ceramic tile lined pipes have very uniform coating of specially formulated ceramic material that is affixed to the inner of the pipe.
The material of the rare earth alloy wear-resistant pipe is ZG40CrMnMoNiSiRe, which is also the grade of rare earth alloy steel.
Tubes Erosion Shields are used to protect boiler tubing from the highly erosive effects of high temperatures and pressures thereby greatly extending tube life.
The ASTM A213 T91 seamless tubes are primarily used for boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger.
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