A High pressure pipe bending is a pipe bend that used in high pressure application. Our induction pipe bending services are ideal for the the general and process pipework industries, offshore oil and gas production sectors and the power generation. We provide an exceptional range of post-bend heat treatment solutions.

Additionally, hydraulic pipe benders are available to bend metal pipes to specific angles using hydraulic pressure, suitable for bending tasks involving different types of metal pipes.

Apart from high-pressure pipe bending technology, there are other related techniques, such as cold bending methods, which do not require heating the metal pipe and can be done directly at room temperature [6]. Furthermore, there are different machines designed for bending various types of pipes, such as manual pipe benders and rotary draw bending machines.

Regardless of the bending technique employed, it is important to note that the bending radius during high-pressure pipe bending should be at least six times the diameter of the pipe to ensure the quality of the bending process.

High-pressure pipe bending technology finds extensive application in the industrial and manufacturing sectors. These techniques allow pipes to adapt to various scenarios with complex layouts and special requirements. Inductive pipe bending services ensure the performance and quality of the metal material during the bending process, making it suitable for high-pressure applications. Hydraulic pipe benders provide efficient and precise solutions for large-scale production while catering to the customization needs of different pipes.

For engineering design and pipe construction, selecting the appropriate pipe bending technology is crucial. Properly choosing the bending radius and avoiding excessive bending can prolong the lifespan of the pipes and reduce the risk of potential leaks and failures. Therefore, when using high-pressure pipe bending technology, strict adherence to relevant regulations and standards is essential to ensure the safe operation of the pipe system.

In conclusion, high-pressure pipe bending technology holds promising applications in the industrial sector and is suitable for various high-pressure pipe systems. However, careful handling is necessary during its usage to ensure safety and reliability.

High-pressure pipe bending is a specialized process that involves the manipulation of pipes to achieve precise bends while maintaining structural integrity and efficient flow. This technique is crucial in various industries, including oil and gas, petrochemicals, power generation, aerospace, and more. At Sunny Steel, we excel in high-pressure pipe bending, leveraging advanced technologies and skilled craftsmanship to meet the most challenging project requirements.

Why Choose Sunny Steel for High Pressure Pipe Bending?

1. Unmatched Expertise: Our team comprises seasoned professionals with extensive experience in the field of high-pressure pipe bending. Their technical knowledge and attention to detail ensure flawless execution and exceptional results.

2. State-of-the-Art Technology: At [Your Company Name], we invest in cutting-edge equipment and technologies to ensure precision and efficiency in every project. Our advanced machinery allows us to handle a wide range of pipe materials and sizes.

3. Tailored Solutions: We understand that every project is unique. Thus, we offer customized high-pressure pipe bending solutions to meet specific project requirements. Our team works closely with clients to understand their needs and deliver tailored results.

4. Quality Assurance: Quality is at the core of our operations. From material selection to the final bend, we adhere to stringent quality standards, ensuring that each bend meets industry regulations and client expectations.

5. Timely Delivery: We value the importance of project timelines. Our streamlined processes and efficient workflow enable us to deliver projects within the agreed-upon timeframes, without compromising on quality.

Our High Pressure Pipe Bending Process

1. Project Assessment: Our team begins by thoroughly analyzing the project requirements and specifications. This step helps us design a plan that ensures optimal results.

2. Material Selection: The choice of pipe material plays a crucial role in high-pressure pipe bending. We work closely with clients to select the most suitable material for their projects, considering factors like temperature, pressure, and corrosion resistance.

3. Precision Bending: Utilizing our state-of-the-art bending equipment, we execute precise bends with utmost accuracy, adhering to international standards.

4. Quality Inspection: Each bend undergoes rigorous quality inspections to verify dimensional accuracy, integrity, and conformity to project requirements.

5. Safe Packaging and Delivery: We take every precaution to ensure the safe packaging and delivery of the finished bends to the client's location.

The Sunny Steel Advantage

As industry leaders, we pride ourselves on offering exceptional services and achieving unmatched customer satisfaction. Our dedication to providing top-quality high-pressure pipe bending solutions has earned us a reputation for excellence in the market.

Conclusion

At Sunny Steel, we redefine high-pressure pipe bending with our precision engineering and commitment to delivering excellence. With our experienced team, cutting-edge technology, and client-focused approach, we aim to exceed expectations in every project we undertake.

What Is a Pipe Bend?

Name: High Pressure Pipe Bending | Thick Wall Seamless Pipe Bends
Brand: Sunny Steel
Availability: InStock
Rating: 4.8 (128 reviews)

Pipe Bend Manufacturing Process

A pipe bend is a change in direction within a piping system, commonly referred to as an offset.

Pipe bends are usually custom manufactured using bending machines and are designed for specific routing requirements. Unlike elbows, bends provide a smoother flow path and reduced turbulence.

The most common bend radii used in industry are 1.5D, 3D, 5D and 10D. Long-radius bends generally provide lower pressure loss and improved flow performance.

Pipe bends are widely used in chemical processing, oil & gas, power generation, shipbuilding, metallurgy and many other industrial applications.

The Radii of Bend Pipes

Bend pipes are available in various radii including 3D, 4D, 5D, 8D and 10D configurations. For example, the centerline radius of a 5D bend equals five times the nominal pipe diameter.

Modern pipe bending equipment enables highly accurate manufacturing with excellent dimensional control and repeatability.

Difference Between Pipe Bends and Elbows

Item	Pipe Bend	Elbow
Radius	More than 2D	1D to 2D
Flow Performance	Smoother Flow	Higher Turbulence
Pressure Drop	Lower	Higher
Manufacturing	Bending Process	Fitting Fabrication

Common Pipe Bending Methods

Induction Bending

Uses localized induction heating to produce precise large-radius bends while maintaining material properties.

Ram-Type Bending

An economical bending method commonly used in fabrication workshops and exhaust manufacturing.

Roll Bending

Suitable for producing very large radii in construction and structural applications.

Mandrel Bending

Produces high-quality bends with minimal deformation and excellent dimensional accuracy.

Rotary Draw Bending

Frequently used when consistent diameter and superior surface finish are required.

Bend Geometry

Typical flow patterns and wear zones in a long-radius bend.

Long-radius bends provide a gradual change in flow direction and help reduce particle impact and pipe wear.

Common bend classifications include:

Elbow (RB/D = 1 to 2.5)
Short Radius (RB/D = 3 to 7)
Long Radius (RB/D = 8 to 14)
Long Sweep (RB/D = 15 to 24)

Specification of Pipe Bends

Dimensions	Standards
Outside Diameter	1/2" – 36"
Bending Radius	3D, 5D, 10D or Custom
Angle	Up to 180°
Wall Thickness	SCH5 to XXS
Materials	Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Alloy Steel, Duplex and Nickel Alloys

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Size

The bend is used to change the direction of run of pipe.it advantage is can matach long distance transition requirements,so it is commonly that bends dimension according to customer design.

Constants for Pipe Bends:

Formula:L = R x BL = Length of pipe requiredR = Radius of bendB = Constant from table used to find “L”L =30 x 1.5705 =47.115 in.or 47-1/8”

Standards accord to：

ASME B16.9
ASME B16.28
ANSI/ASME B16.25
MSS SP-97

Pressure: SCH5 to SCH160

Bending radius(R): R=3D, 5D, 7D and 12D
Bending angle (θ):15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 135°, 180°

Outer diamete(D): D≤1800mm
Wall thickness(T): T≤120mm
Straight Length (L): The length between two ends general from 300mm-1500mm

Example: Find the length of pipe required to make a 90 bend with a radius of 30"

Nominal pipe	Outside Diameter at Bevel				Center to End
DN size	D1		D2		C	M
DN size	Series A	Series B	Series A	Series B
20×15	26.9	25	21.3	18	29	29
25×20	33.7	32	26.9	25	38	38
25×15	33.7	32	21.3	18	38	38
32×25	42.4	38	33.7	32	48	48
32×20	42.4	38	26.9	25	48	48
32×15	42.4	38	21.3	18	48	48
40×32	48.3	45	42.4	38	57	57
40×25	48.3	45	33.7	32	57	57
40×20	48.3	45	26.7	25	57	57
40×15	48.3	45	21.3	18	57	57
50×40	60.3	57	48.3	45	64	60
50×32	60.3	57	42.4	38	64	57
50×25	60.3	57	33.7	32	64	51
50×20	60.3	57	26.9	25	64	44
65×50	76.1(73)	76	60.3	57	76	70
65×40	76.1(73)	76	48.3	45	76	67
65×32	76.1(73)	76	42.4	38	76	64
65×25	76.1(73)	76	33.7	32	76	57
80×65	88.9	89	76.1(73)	76	86	83
80×50	88.9	89	60.3	57	86	76
80×40	88.9	89	48.3	45	86	73
80×32	88.9	89	42.4	38	86	70
90×80	101.6	-	88.9	-	95	92
90×65	101.6	-	76.1(73)	-	95	89
90×50	101.6	-	60.3	-	95	83
90×40	101.6	-	48.3	-	95	79
100×90	114.3	-	101.6	-	105	102
100×80	114.3	108	88.9	89	105	98
100×65	114.3	108	76.1(73)	76	105	95
100×50	114.3	108	60.3	57	105	89
100×40	114.3	108	48.3	45	105	86
125×100	139.7	133	114.3	108	124	117
125×90	139.7	-	101.6	-	124	114
125×80	139.7	133	88.9	89	124	111
125×65	139.7	133	76.1(73)	76	124	108
125×50		133	60.3	57	124	105
150×125	168.3	159	139.7	133	143	137
150×100	168.3	159	114.3	108	143	130
150×90	168.3	-	101.6	-	143	127
150×80	168.3	159	88.9	89	143	124
150×65	168.3	159	76.1(73)	76	143	121
200×150	219.1	219	168.3	159	178	168
200×125	219.1	219	139.7	133	178	162
200×100	219.1	219	114.3	108	178	156
200×90	219.1	-	101.6	-	178	152
200×200	273	273	219.1	219	216	208
200×150	273	273	168.3	159	216	194
200×125	273	273	139.7	133	216	191
200×100	273	273	114.3	108	216	184
300×250	323.9	325	273	273	254	241
300×200	323.9	325	219.1	219	254	229
300×150	323.9	325	168.3	159	254	219
300×125	323.9	325	139.7	133	254	216
350×300	355.6	377	323.9	325	279	270
350×250	355.6	377	273	273	279	257
350×200	355.6	377	219.1	219	279	248
350×150	355.6	377	168.3	159	279	238
400×350	406.4	426	355.6	377	305	305
400×300	406.4	426	323.9	325	305	295
400×250	406.4	426	273	273	305	283
400×200	406.4	426	219.1	219	305	273
400×150	406.4	426	168.3	159	305	264
450×400	457.2	478	406.4	426	343	330
450×350	457.2	478	355.6	377	343	330
450×300	457.2	478	323.9	325	343	321
450×250	457.2	478	273	273	343	308
450×200	457.2	478	219.1	219	343	298
500×450	508	529	457.2	478	381	368
500×100	508	529	406.4	426	381	356
500×350	508	529	355.6	377	381	356
500×300	508	529	323.9	325	381	346
500×250	508	529	273	273	381	333
500×200	508	529	219.1	219	381	324
550×500	559	-	508	-	419	406
550×450	559	-	457	-	419	394
550×400	559	-	406	-	419	381
600×550	610	-	559	-	432	432
600×550	610	630	508	530	432	432
600×450	610	630	457	480	432	419
650×600	660	-	610	-	495	483
650×550	660	-	559	-	495	470
650×500	660	-	508	-	495	457
700×650	711	-	660	-	521	521
700×600	711	720	610	630	521	508
700×550	711	-	559	-	521	495
750×700	762	-	711	-	559	546
750×650	762	-	660	-	559	546
750×600	762	-	610	-	559	533
800×750	813	-	762	-	597	584
800×700	813	820	711	720	597	572
800×650	813	-	660	-	597	572
850×800	864	-	813	-	635	622
850×750	864	-	762	-	635	610
850×700	864	-	711	-	635	597
900×850	914	-	864	-	673	660
900×800	914	920	813	820	673	648
900×750	914	-	762	-	673	635
950×900	965	-	914	-	711	711
950×850	965	-	864	-	711	698
950×800	965	-	813	-	711	686
1000×950	1016	-	965	-	749	749
1000×900	1016	1020	914	920	749	737
1000×8500	1016	-	864	-	749	724
1000×1000	1067	-	1016	-	762	711
1050×950	1067	-	965	-	762	711
1050×900	1067	-	914	-	762	711
1100×1050	1118	-	1067	-	813	762
1100×1000	1118	1120	1016	1020	813	749
1100×950	1118	-	965	-	813	737
1150×1100	1168	-	1118	-	851	800
1150×1050	1168	-	1067	-	851	787
1150×1000	1168	-	1016	-	851	775
1200×1150	1220	-	1168	-	889	838
1200×1100	1220	1220	1118	1120	889	838
1200×1050	1220	-	1067	-	889	813

ASME / ANSI B16.9 dimension

ASME B16.9 Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances,ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1⁄2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200).

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Nominal	Outside Diameter		90° Elbows		45° Elbows		180° Returns
Pipe Size			Long Radius	Short Radius	Long Radius		Long Radius
(inches)	(mm)	(inches)	Center to Face	Center to Face	Center to Face	Radius	Center to Center	Back to face
			(inches)	(inches)	(inches)	(inches)	(inches)	(inches)
1/2	21.3	0.84	1.5	–	5/8		2	1.875
3/4	26.7	1.05	1.125	–	7/16		2.25	1.6875
1	33.4	1.315	1.5	1	7/8		3	2.1875
1.25	42.2	1.66	1.875	1.25	1		3.75	2.75
1.5	48.3	1.9	2.25	1.5	1.125	3	4.5	3.25
2	60.3	2.375	3	2	1.375	4	6	4.1875
2.5	73	2.875	3.75	2.5	1.75	5	7.5	5.1875
3	88.9	3.5	4.5	3	2	6	9	6.25
3.5	101.6	4	5.25	3.5	2.25	7	10.5	7.25
4	114.3	4.5	6	4	2.5	8	12	8.25
5	141.3	5.563	7.5	5	3.125	10	15	10.3125
6	168.3	6.625	9	6	3.75	12	18	12.3125
8	219.1	8.625	12	8	5	12	24	16.3125
10	273.1	10.75	15	10	6.25	15	30	20.375
12	323.9	12.75	18	12	7.5	18	36	24.375

Tolerances of Welded Fittings

NOMINAL PIPE SIZE NPS	ANGULARITY TOLERANCES	ANGULARITY TOLERANCES
Size	Off Angle Q	Off Plane P
½ to 4	0.03	0.06
5 to 8	0.06	0.12
10 to 12	0.09	0.19
14 to 16	0.09	0.25
18 to 24	0.12	0.38
26 to 30	0.19	0.38
32 to 42	0.19	0.5
44 to 48	0.18	0.75

All dimensions are given in inches. Tolerances are equal plus and minus except as noted.

Out-of-round is the sum of absolute values of plus and minus tolerance.
This tolerance may not apply in localized areas of formed fittings where increased wall thickness is required to meet design requirements of ASME B16.9.
The inside diameter and the nominal wall thicknesses at ends are to be specified by the purchaser.
Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, these tolerances apply to the nominal inside diameter, which equals the difference between the nominal outside diameter and twice the nominal wall thickness.

The ASME B16.9 pipe fittings can be used under the jurisdiction of the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) as well as the ASME Code for pressure piping. Referencing pressure ratings of flanges per ASME B16.5, they can be designated as Classes 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500. The allowable pressure ratings for ASME B16.9 pipe fittings may be calculated as for straight seamless pipe of equivalent material in accordance with the rules established in the applicable sections of ASME B31 Code for pressure piping.

Design of Fittings

The design of butt welding pipe fittings made to ASME B16.9 shall be established by one of the following methods: (a) mathematical analyses contained in pressure vessel or piping codes; (b) proof testing; (c) experimental stress analysis with hydrostatic testing to validate experimental results; (d) detailed stress analysis with results evaluation.

Standard Marking

Generally, ASME B16.9 pipe fittings shall be marked to show the following details: “trademark + material grade + wall thickness + size + heat number”. For example, “M ASTM A234 WP5 SCH80 6″ 385“. When steel stamps are used, care shall be taken so that
the marking is not deep enough or sharp enough to cause cracks or to reduce the wall thickness of the fitting below the minimum allowed.

Material & Manufacture

The ASME B16.9 fittings may be made from an extensive range of mateirals covering (1) carbon and low-alloy steels in accordance with ASTM A234 and ASTM A420; (2) austenitic and duplex stainless steels in accordance with ASTM A403 and ASTM A815; (3) nickel alloys in accordance with ASTM B366; (4) aluminum alloys in accordance with ASTM B361; and (5) titanium alloys in accordance with ASTM B363.

Pipe Fittings Dimensions Tolerance as per ASME B16.9:

Sizes 1/2″ – 48″

ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Elbow – Long Radius
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Elbow – Short Radius
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Reducing Elbow
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld 45° Elbow
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Fabricated Tee
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Reducer
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Concentric Reducer
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Eccentric Reducer
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld 3D Elbow
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Stub Ends
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Cross
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Reducing Cross
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Tees
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld End Cap
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Coupling
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld Pipe Nipple
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Weld 5D Elbow
ASME / ANSI B16.9 Butt Welded Pipe Fittings

Standard

Pipe fitting dimensions are in either metric or Standard English.

Because pipe fitting covers Pipe Fitting Dimensions several aspects, only the most common pipe fitting sizes can be given here. The most applied version is the 90° long radius and the 45° elbow, while the 90° short radius elbow is applied if there is too little space. The function of a 180° elbow is to change direction of flow through 180°. Both, the LR and the SR types have a center to center dimension double the matching 90° elbows. These fittings will generally be used in furnesses or other heating or cooling units.

Some of the standards that apply to buttwelded fittings are listed below. Many organizations such as ASME, ASTM, ISO, MSS, etc. have very well developed standards and specifications for buttwelded fittings. It is always up to the designer to ensure that they are following the applicable standard and company specification, if available, during the design process.

Some widely used pipe fitting standards are as follows:

ASME American Society for Mechanical Engineers

This is one of the reputed organizations in the world developing codes and standards.
The schedule number for pipe fitting starts from ASME/ANSI B16. The various classifications of ASME/ANSI B16 standards for different pipe fittings are as follows:

ASME/ANSI B16.1 – 1998 – Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.3 – 1998 – Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.4 – 1998 – Cast Iron Threaded Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.5 – 1996 – Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.11 – 2001 – Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
ASME/ANSI B16.14 – 1991 – Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings and Locknuts with Pipe Threads
ASME/ANSI B16.15 – 1985 (R1994) – Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.25 – 1997 – Buttwelding Ends
ASME/ANSI B16.36 – 1996 – Orifice Flanges etc.

ASTM International American Society for Testing and Materials

This is one of the largest voluntary standards development organizations in the world. It was originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

ASTM A105/A105M – Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
ASTM A234/A234M – Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
ASTM A403/A403M – Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
ASTM A420/A420M – Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service

AWWA: American Water Works Association

AWWA About – Established in 1881, the American Water Works Association is the largest nonprofit, scientific and educational association dedicated to managing and treating water, the world’s most important resource.

AWWA C110 – Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3 Inch Through 48 Inch (75 mm Through 1200 mm), for Water and Other Liquids
AWWA C208 – Dimensions for Fabricated Steel Water Pipe Fittings

ANSI The American National Standards Institute

ANSI is a private, non-profit organization. Its main function is to administer and coordinate the U.S. voluntary standardization and conformity assessment system. It provides a forum for development of American national standards. ANSI assigns "schedule numbers". These numbers classify wall thicknesses for different pressure uses.

MSS STANDARDS: Manufacturers Standardization Society

The Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) of the Valve and Fittings Industry is a non-profit technical association organized for development and improvement of industry, national and international codes and standards for: Valves, Valve Actuators, Valve Modification, Pipe Fittings, Pipe Hangers, Pipe Supports, Flanges and Associated Seals

MSS SP-43 – Wrought Stainless Steel Butt-Welding Fittings Including Reference to Other Corrosion Resistant Materials
MSS SP-75 – Specifications for High Test Wrought Buttwelding Fittings
MSS SP-73 – Brazing Joints for Copper and Copper Alloy Pressure Fittings
MSS SP-83 – Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded
MSS SP-97 – Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings — Socket Welding, Threaded, and Buttwelding Ends
MSS SP-106 – Cast Copper Alloy Flanges and Flanged Fittings Class 125,150, and 300
MSS SP-119 – Factory-Made Wrought Belled End Socket Welding Fittings

Difference between "Standard" and "Codes"

Piping codes imply the requirements of design, fabrication, use of materials, tests and inspection of various pipe and piping system. It has a limited jurisdiction defined by the code. On the other hand, piping standards imply application design and construction rules and requirements for pipe fittings like adapters, flanges, sleeves, elbows, union, tees, valves etc. Like a code, it also has a limited scope defined by the standard.

Factors affecting standards

"Standards" on pipe fittings are based on certain factors like as follows:

Pressure-temperature ratings
Size
Design
Coatings
Materials
Marking
End connections
Dimensions and tolerances
Threading
Pattern taper etc.

BSP British Standard Pipe

BSP is the U.K. standard for pipe fittings. This refers to a family of standard screw thread types for interconnecting and sealing pipe ends by mating an external (male) with an internal (female) thread. This has been adopted internationally. It is also known as British Standard Pipe Taper threads (BSPT )or British Standard Pipe Parallel (Straight) threads (BSPP ). While the BSPT achieves pressure tight joints by the threads alone, the BSPP requires a sealing ring.

JIS Japanese Industrial Standards

This is the Japanese industrial standards or the standards used for industrial activities in Japan for pipe, tube and fittings and published through Japanese Standards Associations.

NPT National Pipe Thread

National Pipe Thread is a U.S. standard straight (NPS) threads or for tapered (NPT) threads. This is the most popular US standard for pipe fittings. NPT fittings are based on the internal diameter (ID) of the pipe fitting.

BOLTS & NUTS

We are manufacturer of Flange bolts & Nuts and supply high quality

A193 = This specification covers alloy and stainless steel bolting material for pressure vessels, Valves, flanges, and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications.
A320 = Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service.
A194 = Standard specification for nuts in many different material types.

AN Here, "A" stands for Army and "N" stands for Navy

The AN standard was originally designed for the U.S. Military. Whenever, a pipe fitting is AN fittings, it means that the fittings are measured on the outside diameter of the fittings, that is, in 1/16 inch increments.

For example, an AN 4 fitting means a fitting with an external diameter of approximately 4/16″ or ¼”. It is to be noted that approximation is important because AN external diameter is not a direct fit with an equivalent NPT thread.

Dash (-) size

Dash size is the standard used to refer to the inside diameter of a hose. This indicates the size by a two digit number which represents the relative ID in sixteenths of an inch. This is also used interchangeably with AN fittings. For example, a Dash "8" fitting means an AN 8 fitting.

ISO International Organization for Standardization

ISO is the industrial pipe, tube and fittings standards and specifications from the International Organization for Standardization. ISO standards are numbered. They have format as follows:

"ISO[/IEC] [IS] nnnnn[:yyyy] Title" where

nnnnn: standard number
yyyy: year published, and
Title: describes the subject

General standard

Standard	Specification
ASTM A234	Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
ASTM A420	Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service
ASTM A234 WPB	ASTM A234 WPB refers to a specific grade of carbon steel pipe fittings, which are widely used in pressure piping and pressure vessel fabrication for service at moderate and elevated temperatures.
ASME B16.9	ASME B16.9 Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances,ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1⁄2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200).
ASME B16.28	ASME B16.28 Standard covers ratings, overall dimensions, testing, tolerances, and markings for wrought carbon and alloy steel buttwelding short radius elbows and returns.
MSS SP-97	MSS SP-97 Standard Practice covers essential dimensions, finish, tolerances, testing, marking, material, and minimum strength requirements for 90 degree integrally reinforced forged branch outlet fittings of buttwelding, socket welding, and threaded types.
ASTM A403	Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings.

Wide variety for all areas of application

DIN	EN	ASME
St 35.8 I St 35.8 III 15 Mo 3 13 CrMo 4 4 10 CrMo 9 10 St 35 N St 52.0 St 52.4	P235GH-TC1 P235GH-TC2 16Mo3 13CrMo4-5 10CrMo9-10 X10CrMoVNb9-1 P215NL P265NL L360NB L360NE P355N P355NL1 P355NH	WPB WPL6 WPL3 WPHY 52 WP11 WP22 WP5 WP9 WP91 WP92