ASME SA213 T91 Seamless Alloy-Steel Boiler Tubes

ASME SA210C carbon steel seamless boiler tubes are essential for applications requiring high-pressure and high-temperature performance. They are manufactured to strict standards, ensuring consistency and reliability. These tubes are used in critical components of boilers and superheaters, where failure is not an option. The material is carefully selected and processed to ensure it can withstand the rigors of high-pressure steam service.

ASME SA210C / ASTM A210 Grade C is a specification for seamless medium-carbon steel boiler and superheater tubes suitable for high-pressure service. These tubes are designed to handle the demands of steam generation and heat exchange in various industrial applications.

Key Features:

• Compliance with ASME SA210C/ASTM A210 Grade C standards ensures quality and reliability.
• Typical sizes range from ½ inch to 5 inches in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.500 inches in minimum wall thickness.
• Heat treatment after cold finishing is required to ensure material integrity.
• Chemical composition typically includes carbon (C ≤0.35% max), silicon (Si ≥0.10% min), manganese (Mn 0.29-1.06%), phosphorus (P ≤0.035% max), and sulfur (S ≤0.035% max).

Applications:

These tubes are used in high-pressure boilers, superheaters, heat exchangers, and other applications where reliability and durability are critical. They are also used in coal, thermal, and oil power generation plants.

Material and Construction:

ASME SA210C tubes are made from carbon steel with a seamless construction, ensuring no weld seam, which can be a point of failure in lower-quality tubes. The manufacturing process can be either hot-finished or cold-finished, with the latter requiring heat treatment after the final cold-finishing process.

Advantages:

• High-pressure capability makes them suitable for use in power plants and industrial boilers.
• Seamless construction provides superior strength and reliability compared to welded tubes.
• Wide range of sizes and thicknesses allows for versatile application.
• Heat treatment enhances the mechanical properties and ensures long service life.

ASTM A213 T91 and ASTM A335 P91

Grade T91 specified in ASTM A213 which do Ferrite and Austenitic boiler superheater and heat exchanger seamless steel tube while grade P91 specified in ASTM A335 do Ferritic and alloy seamless steel tube intended for high-temperature service. Grade T91 and P91 steel pipes have a similar chemical composition and mechanical properties. As for their difference, we can say that they have been substituted for another one when the same purpose.

What is the material of T91 tube?

The SA 213 T91 Tube is composed with a chemical composition of chromium, carbon, manganese, nickel, silicon molybdenum, nitrogen, and a few other trace elements. These tubes possess excellent corrosion and oxidation resistance properties due to the SA213 T91 material used in their production.

What is the standard specification of ASTM A213 tubing?

ASTM A213 tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter to 5 in. [127 mm] in outside diameter and 0.015 to 0.500 in. [0.4 to 12.7 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness or, if specified in the order, average wall thickness.

What is ASTM A213 material?

What Is ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 Tubing? ASTM A213 tubing is seamless ferritic steel and austennitic alloy SS (stainless steel) tubing used in boilers for super heaters, and heat exchangers. ASTM A213 is available in multiple grades.

What is the difference between P91 and T91 material?

P91 and T91 are both high-temperature ferritic-martensitic steels commonly used in power plant components like boilers, steam pipes, and pressure vessels. They have similar chemical compositions and mechanical properties, but there are some differences between the two materials.

1. Manufacturing process: P91 is a modified version of T91 steel. The manufacturing process of P91 involves more strict heat treatment techniques and stricter quality control measures compared to T91.
2. Strength: P91 steel has a higher yield strength and tensile strength compared to T91 steel. This makes P91 more suitable for high-pressure applications where strength is crucial.
3. Creep resistance: Both P91 and T91 exhibit excellent creep resistance at elevated temperatures. However, due to the modified manufacturing process, P91 has slightly better creep resistance than T91.
4. Fabricability: T91 steel has better fabricability compared to P91 steel. It is easier to weld and form T91 components compared to P91 components.
5. Cost: P91 steel is generally more expensive compared to T91 steel due to the additional manufacturing processes and quality control measures involved.

In summary, P91 and T91 are very similar materials with slight differences in terms of strength, creep resistance, fabricability, and cost. The choice between the two materials depends on the specific application requirements and cost considerations.

ASME SA213 T91 Seamless Alloy-Steel Boiler Tubes PMI testing

ASME SA213 T91 Seamless Alloy-Steel Boiler Tubes Equivalent Material

Chemical Composition of ASME SA213 T91 Seamless Alloy-Steel Boiler Tubes

Mechanical properties of ASME SA213 T91 Seamless Alloy-Steel Boiler Tubes

Heat Treatment of ASME SA213 T91 Seamless Alloy-Steel Boiler Tubes

Note:

1. Heat treatment shall be carried out separately and in addition to heating for hot forming.
2. ASTM Grain Size No. listed, or coarser, unless otherwise indicated.

Application of ASME SA213 T91 Seamless Alloy-Steel Boiler Tubes:

Allowable service temperature: ASTM A213 T91 alloy steel pipe is mainly used for manufacturing high temperature superheater, reheater and other pressure parts of subcritical and supercritical power plant boilers with metal wall temperature not exceeding 625 ° C, and also for pressure vessels and nuclear power high temperature pressure parts.

Application of T / P91 boiler pipe in petrochemical industry: T / P91 can be used to replace T / P22 and T / P5 tubes in distillation, cracking units and refineries because of its good high temperature mechanical properties and high temperature hydrogen resistance. Moreover, t / P91 is more suitable for boilers in sulfur rich environment than t / P22 and T / P5. Generally speaking, P91 pipe with pipe diameter greater than 168mm and T91 pipe with pipe diameter less than or equal to 168mm belong to the same steel type, and the requirements for chemical composition and mechanical properties are the same.

Related ASME SA213 T91 Seamless Alloy-Steel Boiler Tubes

Heat Treatment and Grain Size Requirements^A

ASTM A213M-09 Material Comparison Tables

ASTM A213M-09 Mechanical properties

A Maximum, unless range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no requirement, and analysis for the element need not be determined or reported.

B It is permissible to order T2 and T12 with a sulfur content of 0.045 max. See 16.3.

C Alternatively, in lieu of this ratio minimum, the material shall have a minimum hardness of 275 HV in the hardened condition, defined as after austenitizing and cooling to room temperature but prior to tempering.

Hardness test frequency shall be two samples of product per heat treatment lot and the hardness testing results shall be reported on the material test report.

Material Comparison Tables (ASTM ℃KS, JIS, DIN, BS, NBN, NF, UNI)

A 213 - Seamless Alloy Steel Boiler and Heat Exchanger Tubes