ASTM A500 Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes
ASTM A500 covers cold-formed welding and seamless carbon steel tubes for welding of bridges and buildings, riveted or bolted structures, and round, square tube, rectangular tube, or special-shaped steel tubes for general structural purposes.
ASTM A500 steels have a density of approximately 7850 kg/m3 (0.284 pounds per cubic inch). The pipe is produced in welded and seamless dimensions with a circumference of 88 inches (2235 mm) or less and a specified wall thickness of 0.875 inches (22 mm) or less.
1.1 This specification covers cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel round, square, rectangular, or special shape structural tubing for welded, riveted, or bolted construction of bridges and buildings, and for general structural purposes.
1.2 This tubing is produced in both welded and seamless sizes with a periphery of 64 in. (1626 mm) or less, and a specified wall thickness of 0.625 in. (15.88 mm) or less. Grade D requires heat treatment.
Note 1—Products manufactured to this specification may not be suitable for those applications such as dynamically loaded elements in welded structures, etc., where low-temperature notch-toughness properties may be important.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions of the values in inch-pound units to values in SI units.
1.4 The text of this specification contains notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any mandatory requirements.
ASTM A500 Seamless Square Hollow Section Tube
ASTM A500 SHS Pipe is used in structural applications for its strength. The specification covers cold formed, welded and seamless carbon steel tubing for structural applications with round and shapes of Grade A, B, C or D. The A500 Grade B Square Tube is used for its known structural strength because of the geometric shape. The pipes come in 1/8 inches to 30 inches of nominal bore sizes.
According to the chemical composition, tensile strength and heat treatment, A500 cold bending pipe is divided into four grades (A/B/C/D).Square and rectangular yield strength requirements are higher than for round tubes.The minimum copper content is optional.Class D must be heat treated.
| Element | Grades A, B and D | Grace C | ||
| Heat | Product | Heat | Product | |
| Analysis | Analysis | Analysis | Analysis | |
| Carbon, max | 0.26 | 0.3 | 0.23 | 0.27 |
| Manganese, max | ... | ... | 1.35 | 1.4 |
| Phosphorus, max | 0.035 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| Sulfur, max | 0.035 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| Copper, when copper steel | 0.2 | 0.18 | 0.2 | 0.18 |
| is specified, min | ||||
Tensile strength refers to the amount of stretching stress a material can withstand before breaking or failing. The ultimate tensile strength of A500 carbon steel is calculated by dividing the area of the steel by the stress placed on it, which is expressed in terms of pounds or tons per square inch of material. Tensile strength is an important measure of A500’s ability to perform in an application.
Below are physical properties required to meet the three grades that we produce ASTM A500 square, rectangle and special shaped tubing to. A flattening test is not a standard requirement for non-round tubing produced to A500.
| Grade | Yield (min) | Tensile (min) | Elongation (min) |
| Grade A | 39,000 psi | 45,000 psi | Determined by wall |
| Grade B | 46,000 psi | 58,000 psi | Determined by wall |
| Grade C | 50,000 psi | 62,000 psi | Determined by wall |
Below are physical properties required to meet the three grades that we produce ASTM A500 round tubing to. A flattening test is also a standard requirement for round tubing produced to the A500 specification.
| Grade | Yield(min) | Tensile (min) | Elongation (min) |
| Grade A | 33,000 psi | 45,000 psi | Determined by wall |
| Grade B | 42,000 psi | 58,000 psi | Determined by wall |
| Grade C | 46,000 psi | 62,000 psi | Determined by wall |
Ceramic lined pipe is made through self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique.
Cast basalt lined steel pipe is composed by lined with cast basalt pipe, outside steel pipe and cement mortar filling between the two layers.
Ceramic tile lined pipes have very uniform coating of specially formulated ceramic material that is affixed to the inner of the pipe.
The material of the rare earth alloy wear-resistant pipe is ZG40CrMnMoNiSiRe, which is also the grade of rare earth alloy steel.
Tubes Erosion Shields are used to protect boiler tubing from the highly erosive effects of high temperatures and pressures thereby greatly extending tube life.
The ASTM A213 T91 seamless tubes are primarily used for boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger.
