ASTM A192 Tubes

ASTM A192 Tubes are specially designed for high, middle, low pressure purpose in seamless carbon steel boilers and as super heater tubes.

ASME SA192 / ASTM A192 is a high pressure seamless carbon steel / manganese boiler tube used in super heaters, water wall panels, heat exchangers, condensers, marine application, refineries, paper pulping, petrochemical applications, pressure vessels, and general engineering applications. It is also used in coal, thermal and oil power generation plants.

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ASTM A192 tubes

ASTM A192 Tubes specification covers seamless carbon steel boiler tubes for high-pressure service. Recommended pipe size will be developed by us upon receipt of your inquiry. A print or sketch of the part to be produced should be included. Grade, chemical analysis and surface condition are carefully considered, and production processes are tailored to achieve the best tubing for the end use.

The ASTM A192 Tubes shall be made by the seamless process and shall be either hot-finished or cold-finished. Hot-finished tubes need not be heat treated. Cold-finished tube shall be heat treated after the final cold-finishing at a temperature of 1200°F [650°C] or higher.

What are ASTM A192 Tubes?

ASTM A192 Tubes are applied as minimum-wall-thickness, seamless carbon steel boiler and superheater tubes for high-pressure service, we supplie astm a192 steel tube in hot rolled and cold drawn delivery state, it is generally used for high-pressure boiler (working pressure does not exceed 9.8mpa and the working temperature between 450 ℃ -650 ℃) heating surface tubes, header, economizer, superheater, reheater.

ASTM A192 seamless steel tube
ASTM A192 seamless steel tube
ASTM A192 seamless steel tube
ASTM A192 seamless steel tube

Scope

1.1 This specification2 covers minimum-wall-thickness, seamless carbon steel boiler and superheater tubes for high-pressure service.

1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1/2 in. to 7 in. [12.7 to 177.8 mm] outside diameter and 0.085 to 1.000 in. [2.2 to 25.4 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.

1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 in. [3.2 mm] inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] thickness.

1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.

1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM A192 Tubes - Industries & Applications

ASTM A192 tubes application

Our ASTM A192 Tubes are used in a wide range of applications and various industries. Below are a few of them:

ASTM A192 TubesChemical Components (%)

Element Content, %
C 0.06~0.18
Mn 0.27~0.63
P ≤0.035
S ≤0.035
Si ≤0.25

ASTM A192 Tubes Mechanical Properties

Mechanical Property Requirements Data
T.S. min
ksi [MPa]
47 [325]
Y.S. min
ksi [MPa]
26 [180]
El. in 2"
min, %
35
Brinell Hardness
max. HBW
137
Rockwell Hardness,
max. HRBW
77

*T.S.: tensile strength; *Y.S.: yield strength; *El.: elongation.
*The Brinell Hardness number applies to ASTM A192 tubes 0.200″ [5.1 mm] and over in wall thickness.
*The Rockwell Hardness number applies to ASTM A192 tubes less than 0.200″ [5.1 mm] in wall thickness.
*Mechanical properties don’t apply to tubing smaller than 1/8″ [3.2 mm] inside diameter or 0.015″ [0.4 mm] thickness.

ASTM A192 Tubes Mechanical Tests Required

Flattening test, flaring test, hardness test, hydrostatic test, and tension test.

Carbon Steel ASTM A192 / ASME SA192 Tubes Equivalent Grades

ASTM A 192 boiler tube equivalent EN 10216-2, DIN 17175, BS 3059 Part II, NF A 49-213, NBR 5594 ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials standard) A192 and ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers standards) SA192. Equivalent Materials 1010, St35.8, 360. FASTWELL has standard specifications for minimum-wall-thickness, seamless carbon steel boiler and super heater tubes for high-pressure service.

Grade ASTM A192 / ASME SA192
UNS No K01201
Old British BS CFS 320
German No 17175
Number 1.0305
Belgian 837
Japanese JIS D3563 / G3461
French A49-213
Italian 5462

ASTM A192 Tubes are inspected by third party

ASTM A192 tubes are inspected by SGS

ASTM A192 Tubes Pressure Rating

Maximum working pressure of ASTM A192 Tube at temperature 400°F, The dimensions - outside pipe diameters and wall thicknesses are according ANSI B36.10.

Maximum Allowable Pressure (psi)
NPS Outside Diameter Schedule
(in) (in) 10 20 30 STD 40 60 XS 80 100 120 140 160 XXS
1/4 0.54 7985 7985 10798 10798
3/8 0.675 6606 6606 9147 9147
1/2 0.84 6358 6358 8575 8575 10908 17150
3/4 1.05 5273 5273 7187 7187 10220 14373
1 1.315 4956 4956 6670 6670 9316 13340
1 1/4 1.66 4133 4133 5638 5638 7380 11276
1 1/2 1.9 3739 3739 5158 5158 7247 10316
2 2.375 3177 3177 4498 4498 7097 8995
2 1/2 2.875 3460 3460 4704 4704 6391 9408
3 3.5 3024 3024 4200 4200 6132 8400
3 1/2 4 2769 2769 3896 3896
4 4.5 2581 2581 3670 3670 4769 5782 7339
5 5.563 2273 2273 3303 3303 4404 5505 6606
6 6.625 2071 2071 3195 3195 4157 5318 6390
8 8.625 1420 1574 1829 1829 2307 2841 2841 3375 4085 4613 5147 4971
10 10.75 1140 1399 1664 1664 2279 2279 2708 3277 3847 4558 5128 4558
12 12.75 961 1268 1441 1560 2160 1922 2644 3244 3843 4324 5042 3843
14 14 875 1092 1313 1313 1533 2079 1750 2625 3283 3829 4375 4921
16 16 766 956 1148 1148 1531 2009 1531 2585 3157 3733 4404 4882
18 18 681 849 1192 1021 1530 2042 1361 2553 3147 3743 4252 4848
20 20 613 919 1225 919 1455 1989 1225 2526 3138 3675 4288 4824
22 22 557 835 1114 835 1949 1114 2506 3063 3619 4176 4733
24 24 510 766 1147 766 1405 1978 1021 2489 3126 3700 4210 4786
30 30 510 817 1021 613 817
32 32 478 766 957 574 1054
34 34 450 721 901 540 992
36 36 425 681 851 510 1021
42 42 583 729 438 875

Related ASTM A192 Tubes


Process

Cold drawn seamless steel tube deformed process

Cold Drawn Seamless Mechanical Tubing (CDS) is a cold drawn 1018/1026 steel tube which offers uniform tolerances, enhanced machinability and increased strength and tolerances compared to hot-rolled products.

Cold drawn seamless steel tube deformed process

Cold drawn steel tube is with hot-rolled steel coil as raw material, and tandem cold rolling pickled to remove oxide scale, its finished rolling hard roll, rolling hard volumes due to the continuous cold deformation caused by cold hardening strength, hardness increased indicators declined tough plastic, stamping performance will deteriorate, which can only be used for simple deformation of the parts.

Rolling hard roll can be used as the raw material of the hot-dip galvanizing plant, hot dip galvanizing line set annealing line. Rolling hard roll weight is generally 6 to 13.5 tons, the coil diameter of 610mm.

Hot rolled seamless steel pipe deformed process

Hot-rolled seamless steel pipe production base deformation process can be summarized as three stages: perforation, extension and finishing.

Hot rolled seamless steel pipe deformed process

The main purpose of the perforation process is to become a solid round billet piercing hollow shell. Capillary in the specifications, accuracy and surface quality can not meet the requirements of the finished product, further improvements are needed to deform the metal through. The main purpose of the stretching machine is further reduced sectional view (main compression wall) for a larger axial extension, so that the capillary improved dimensional accuracy, surface quality and organizational performance.

After stretching machine rolled steel pipe shortage collectively need further molding mill in order to achieve the requirements of the finished pipe. Rolled steel due to pass in the method widely used in the production of seamless steel tubes.

So far, due to the method pass rolling steel can be divided into two categories: core pension without rolling rolling (hollow body rolling), and with the mandrel. Sizing machines, reducing mill and stretch reducing mill belonging to the hole without mandrel type continuous rolling mills are generally coffin. Its main purpose is to reduce the diameter of the deformation process or sizing get finished steel, the wall thickness of process control, can make thinning, thickening or nearly unchanged.

All the traditional hole-type rolling machine with mandrel belong to extend machine. The main purpose is to reduce the deformation process perforated capillary wall thickness and outer diameter roll passes in the deformation zone and the mandrel posed, for a larger axial extension. At the same time a certain improvement in the organization, performance, accuracy, surface quality.

Cut to Length

Before cutting pipe and tubing

No matter the material, measure the diameter of the pipe or tube to be cut to ensure that you use the right-size tube cutter for the job. When determining how to make a straight cut, use a tape measure and a pencil or other writing instrument to mark on the surface where you want to cut. If possible, mark around the circumference of a pipe, especially when cutting with a handsaw. Ensure that a cut is as straight as possible by securing the pipe with a vise, clamp, miter box or even duct tape to keep the length from shifting out of place while cutting.

After cutting pipe and tubing

  • Unless a cut is perfectly clean, you should expect to remove burrs from around the edge, especially after sawing.
  • Use a deburring tool to clean the edge after tube cutting.
  • You may opt to use a metal file on the cut of a metal pipe.
Cut to length

The main manufacturing technology of seamless carbon steel pipe

1.Plug rolling production

The production equipment consists of punching machine, automatic pipe rolling machine, coiling machine, sizing machine and reducing machine. The round tube is inserted into the hollow of the thick-walled tube, and the axes of the two rollers form an oblique angle with the rolling line. In recent years, the inclination angle has increased from 6° to 12° to 13° to 17°, increasing the speed of the punch. When producing structural seamless pipe with a diameter greater than 250mm, secondary perforation is used to reduce the thickness of the hollow billet wall. New technologies have also been developed to enhance the perforation process and improve the quality of the capillary.

2. Continuous rolling production

The production equipment includes punching machine, continuous rolling mill, and tension reduction machine. The round billet is pierced into a hollow billet, then inserted into the mandrel, and continuously rolled by 7 to 9 two-roll mills. After rolling, the mandrel bar is taken out and reheated to reduce tension. In 2014, the annual output of 140mm continuous rolling mills is 0.4 to 600,000 tons, which is 2 to 4 times that of plug mills. The characteristics of this unit are suitable for the production of steel pipes with a diameter of 168mm or less. However, the equipment investment is large, the installed capacity is large, and the processing and manufacturing are complex.

3. Three-roll rolling production

Three-roll rolling production is mainly used to produce thick-walled seamless steel pipes with high dimensional accuracy. The wall thickness accuracy of the seamless steel pipe produced by this manufacturing process can reach plus or minus 5%, and the pipe accuracy is twice that of the seamless steel pipe produced by other methods. This manufacturing technique developed rapidly with the invention of the new three-high skew rolling mill in the 1960s. The new type of rolling mill is characterized by rapidly rotating the inlet rotary rack to change the expansion angle of the tail, thereby preventing the triangle from appearing at the tail, and expanding the ratio of the outer diameter to the wall thickness of the production varieties from 12 to 35, which can not only produce thin-walled seamless welded steel pipes , but also can improve production capacity.

4. Extrusion tube production

The peeled round base is first perforated or expanded, then heated by induction heating or a salt bath, coated with lubricant, and loaded into the extruder. The metal is squeezed into the pipe through the circular gap between the mandrel and the tip of the pen. This manufacturing process is mainly used for the production of superalloy tubes, specialty tubes, composite tubes and non-ferrous metal tubes. It has a wide range of production but low volumes. The production of extruded tubes has also grown in recent years due to improvements in die materials, lubricants and extrusion speeds.

5. Cold rolling (cold drawing) production

This manufacturing process is used to produce small-diameter precision-shaped thin-walled low-carbon steel pipes. It is characterized by the use of multi-stage cycle manufacturing technology. In the 1960s, it began to develop in the direction of high speed, multi-line, long stroke and long tube blank. In addition, small roller mills have also been developed, mainly for the production of precision tubes with a thickness of less than 1mm. The cold rolling equipment is complex, the tool processing is difficult, and the specification conversion is not flexible. And usually a combined process of cold rolling and cold drawing is used, that is, cold rolling is used to reduce the wall thickness to obtain larger deformation, and cold drawing technology is used to obtain various specifications.


Application

Alloy steel pipes are ideally suitable for chemical, petrochemicals, and other energy-related applications.

The alloy steel pipe adopts high quality carbon steel, alloy structural steel and stainless & heat resisting steel as raw material through hot rolling or cold drawn to be made.

Alloy steel can be used in process area where carbon steel has limitation such as

  • High-temperature services such as heater tubes
  • Low-temperature services such as cryogenic application
  • Very high presser service such as steam header

As an important element of steel products, alloy steel pipe can be divided into seamless steel pipe and welded steel pipe according to the manufacturing technique and tube billet shape.

Here you can see the common alloy steel grade that you will come across.

  • For Pipes: ASTM A335 Gr P1, P5, P11, P9
  • For Wrought Fittings: ASTM A234 Gr.WP5, WP9, WP11
  • For Forged Fittings: ASTM A182 F5, F9, F11 etc.

Why the application of alloy steel pipe is wider than others

application

There are many kinds of materials used for transport in industrial production. Specifically we will have more choices and it is not limited to the use of alloy steel pipe. But even in the face of more choices, many people tend to choose alloy steel pipe. People make their own choices will have their own reasons. This means the alloy steel pipe application has its own advantages. Compared with transmission lines made of other materials, after it meets the basic application requirements, its quantity is lighter. Then in the practical application of alloy steel pipe, it will have more advantages because of this. Besides its physical characteristic advantage, it also has economic advantages. The wide application of alloy steel pipe is with kinds of reasons. So in practical usage, we can exploit the advantages to the full, in this way can we get more profits in these applications of alloy steel pipe.

What requirements should alloy steel pipe application meet

The transportation of kinds of gases or liquids in production needs to rely on alloy steel pipe. This shows that the actual role of alloy steel pipe application is important. High temperature resistant and low temperature resistant is the tolerance of temperature. In the practical application of alloy steel pipe, there will be many materials need to be transported. However their temperatures are not the same. So this can be the basic requirement to alloy steel pipe. It needs more corrosion resistance. Corrosion resistant material is the best material during transporting, because it is corrosion resistant. So it can be used in more occasions. And it is definitely very convenient for users.

The biggest advantages of alloy steel pipe

Can be 100% recycled, environmentally friendly, energy-saving, resource conservation, national strategy, national policy to encourage the expansion of the field of application of high-pressure alloy pipe. Of alloy steel pipe total consumption accounted steel in the proportion is only half of the developed countries, to expand the field of use of the alloy steel pipe to provide a wider space for the development of the industry. The future needs of the average annual growth of China’s high-pressure alloy steel pipe long products up to 10-12%.

Specification, standard and identification of alloy steel pipes

Alloy Steel pipe contains substantial quantities of elements other than carbon such as nickel, chromium, silicon, manganese, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and limited amounts of other commonly accepted elements such as manganese, sulfur, silicon, and phosphorous.

Industries We Serve

Our team of experienced sales specialists proudly partners with gas and chemical processors, power generation plants, oil refineries, and related industries to offer piping components and value-added services.

The biggest advantages of alloy steel pipe can be 100% recycled, environmentally friendly, energy-saving, resource conservation, national strategy, national policy to encourage the expansion of the field of application of high-pressure alloy pipe. Of alloy tube total consumption accounted steel in the proportion is only half of the developed countries, to expand the field of use of the alloy tube to provide a wider space for the development of the industry. According to the Chinese Special Steel Association alloy pipe Branch Expert Group, the future needs of the average annual growth of China’s high-pressure alloy pipe long products up to 10-12%.


Inspection

Chemical composition inspection, mechanical properties test(tensile strength,yield strength, elongation, flaring, flattening, bending, hardness, impact test), surface and dimension test,no-destructive test, hydrostatic test.

PMI

identification of the chemical composition of the metal used to manufacture the fitting. Uses PMI sensors, including X-ray fluorescence or optical emission spectrometry.

PMI
PMI
PMI
PMI
PMI
PMI

Size measurement

Size measurement
Size measurement
Size measurement
Size measurement
Size measurement

Seamless pipes with compound bevels as per ASME B16-25 And ASTM A333

ASTM A333 Grade 8 Seamless Pipe
ASTM A333 Grade 8 Seamless Pipe
ASTM A333 Grade 8 Seamless Pipe
ASTM A333 Grade 8 Seamless Pipe
ASTM A333 Grade 8 Seamless Pipe
ASTM A333 Grade 8 Seamless Pipe
ASTM A333 Grade 8 Seamless Pipe
ASTM A333 Grade 8 Seamless Pipe
ASTM A333 Grade 8 Seamless Pipe

Delivery

Steel pipe delivery status(condition)

Steel pipe delivery status(condition): cold / hard (BK), cold / soft (BKW), after cold stress relief annealing (BKS), annealing (GBK), normalized (NBK).

Condition on delivery of steel pipe

Term Symbol Explanation
Cold-finished/hard (cold-finished as-drawn) BK No heat treatment after the last cold-forming process. The tubes therefore have only low deformability.
Cold-finished/soft (lightly cold-worked) BKW After the last heat treatment there is a light finishing pass (cold drawing) With proper subsequent processing, the tube can be cold-formed (e.g. bent, expanded) within certain limits.
Annealed GBK After the final cold-forming process the tubes are annealed in a controlled atmosphere or under vacuum.
Normalized NBK The tubes are annealed above the upper transformation point in a controlled atmosphere or under vacuum.

The general cold strip mills, volume should go through continuous annealing (CAPL unit) to eliminate cold hardening and rolling stress, or batch annealing reach the mechanical properties of the corresponding standard specifies. Cold rolled steel surface quality, appearance, dimensional accuracy better than hot-rolled plate, and right-rolled thin product thickness is about 0.18mm, so the majority of users favor.

Cold rolled steel coil substrate products deep processing of high value-added products. Such as electro-galvanized, hot dip galvanized, electro-galvanized fingerprint resistant, painted steel roll damping composite steel, PVC laminating steel plates, etc., so that the excellent quality of these products has a beautiful, high resistance to corrosion, has been widely used.

Cold rolled steel coil finishing after annealing, cut the head, tail, trimming, flattening, smooth, heavy volume, or longitudinal clipboard. Cold-rolled products are widely used in automobile manufacturing, household electrical appliances, instruments, switches, buildings, office furniture and other industries. Steel plate strapping package weight of 3 to 5 tons. Flat sub-volume typically 3 to 10 tons / volume. Coil diameter 6m.

Packing

Bare packing/bundle packing/crate packing/wooden protection at the both sides of tubes and suitably protected for sea-worthly delivery or as requested.

There are probably hundreds of different methods for packing a pipe, and most of them have merit, but there are two principles that are vital for any method to work prevent rusting and Sea transportation security.

Steel strips bunding for fixed pipes

Our packing can meet any needs of the customers.

Packing
Packing
Packing
Packing
Packing
Packing

Placing steel pipes into containers

Packing
Packing
Packing
Packing
Packing
Packing

Alloying Elements

Commonly used alloying elements and their effects are listed in the table given below.

Alloying Elements Effect on the Properties
Chromium Increases Resistance to corrosion   and oxidation. Increases hardenability and wear resistance. Increases high   temperature strength.
Nickel Increases hardenability. Improves   toughness. Increases impact strength at low temperatures.
Molybdenum Increases hardenability, high   temperature hardness, and wear resistance. Enhances the effects of other   alloying elements. Eliminate temper brittleness in steels. Increases high   temperature strength.
Manganese Increases hardenability. Combines   with sulfur to reduce its adverse effects.
Vanadium Increases hardenability, high   temperature hardness, and wear resistance. Improves fatigue resistance.
Titanium Strongest carbide former. Added to   stainless steel to prevent precipitation of chromium carbide.
Silicon Removes oxygen in steel making.   Improves toughness. Increases hardness ability
Boron Increases hardenability. Produces   fine grain size.
Aluminum Forms nitride in nitriding steels.   Produces fine grain size in casting. Removes oxygen in steel melting.
Cobalt Increases heat and wear   resistance.
Tungsten Increases hardness at elevated   temperatures. Refines grain size.

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