Honed Tube

Cold Drawn Seamless Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Honed Tubing Manufacturer

Factory supply finished honed seamless tube with mirror inner bore, customized ID/OD/length, stress relief annealing, full NDT inspection, complete export MTC certification for hydraulic cylinder manufacturing.

honded tube

What is a Honed Tube?


A honed tube (also called a cylinder tube) is a precision seamless steel tube whose inner diameter (ID) has been processed by honing or skiving & roller burnishing to achieve:

  • High surface finish (Ra usually ≤ 0.4 µm)
  • Tight ID dimensional tolerance
  • Excellent straightness and roundness

Honed tubes are typically manufactured from CDS (Cold Drawn Seamless) or DOM (Drawn Over Mandrel) steel tubes, using suitable-to-hone cold drawn seamless mother tubes.

Honed tube for hydraulic cylinder
DIN 2391 honded tube DIN 2391
honded tube 1026 Steel Honed Tubing
honded tube
honded tube ST52
honded tube

Technical Specifications

Honed tubes are manufactured to meet stringent international specifications, ensuring consistent performance in hydraulic and pneumatic systems.

  • Material: Carbon steels such as ST52, CK45, AISI 1020, and alloy steels including AISI 4140 and 42CrMo.
  • Size Range: Inner diameter from 20 mm to 1500 mm, with maximum lengths up to 16 meters.
  • Tolerance Standards: Manufactured in compliance with DIN 2391, EN 10305, and ASTM A519.
  • Surface Roughness: Typically Ra 0.2–0.4 μm, suitable for high-precision cylinder applications.
  • Internal Tolerance Grades: Achievable grades of H7, H8, and H9 to meet exact fitting requirements.

Benefits of Honed Tubes

  • High Precision: Accurate internal dimensions and smooth bore reduce friction and seal wear.
  • Extended Service Life: Superior surface finish minimizes maintenance and downtime.
  • Versatility: Wide range of materials and sizes for diverse industrial applications.

Honed tubes are the preferred material for hydraulic cylinder manufacturing. The honing process uses abrasive stones and polishing media to achieve precise ID dimensions and excellent surface integrity.

As a result, honed tubing is ready for assembly without additional internal machining—making it ideal for demanding engineering environments.

Honed Tube FAQ

The most popular material of our honed tubes is carbon steel grade SAE 1020. We also produce honed cylinder tubes in SAE 1026, E355, ST52.3, and stainless steel grades to meet different application requirements.

As a leading honed tube supplier, we manufacture tubes in a wide range of metric and imperial sizes:

  • Inside Diameter: 32 mm – 600 mm (imperial sizes available)
  • Maximum Length: Up to 14 meters (longer lengths on request)

Common diameters range from 1″ (25.4 mm) up to 10″ (254 mm) or more, depending on application requirements such as hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic systems, and required tolerances.

When project specifications require non-standard sizes or special steel grades, we manufacture honed tubes from selected raw materials and tailor the production process accordingly.

Non-standard honed tube

Special operations—such as honing left-end bores and maintaining strict roundness where O-rings are installed—are critical to overall system performance and sealing reliability.

Honed tubes are widely used in hydraulic and pneumatic systems across multiple industries:

  1. Hydraulic Cylinders – Construction, agriculture, and manufacturing machinery
  2. Pneumatic Cylinders – Automation and material handling systems
  3. Automotive Components – Shock absorbers, steering and transmission systems
  4. Industrial Equipment – Printing presses, CNC machines, injection molding
  5. Food & Pharmaceutical – Stainless steel honed tubes for hygienic environments
  6. Oil & Gas – Drilling and offshore hydraulic systems
  7. Aerospace – Landing gear and actuation systems
  8. Marine – Corrosion-resistant hydraulic systems

Purpose in Cylinder Manufacturing

Honed tubes provide a smooth, precision-finished inner surface that:

  • Improves Performance – Reduces friction and wear
  • Ensures Seal Compatibility – Prevents leakage
  • Increases Durability – Withstands high-pressure operation
  • Allows Custom Sizing – Matches specific cylinder designs
Honed tube manufacturing process

How to Make Honed Tube

The tube surface finishing adopts the NBK condition. After phosphating and normalizing, the tubes gain improved corrosion resistance and are oiled both inside and outside. The normalizing process produces a tougher microstructure by heating the metal to a high temperature and allowing it to cool naturally to room temperature, resulting in improved formability, hardness, and ductility.

Honing is a precision grinding and finishing process. It offers both high productivity and excellent machining accuracy, significantly improving surface finish and wear resistance of the honed tubes.

Manufacturing Steps

  1. Raw Material Selection
    Select round bars that meet applicable standards for size and quality.
  2. Billeting
    Perform free forging and heat treatment on the steel round bars.
  3. Straightening
    Use forging hammer straightening on the heat-treated bars.
  4. Mother Tube Production
    Produce seamless mother pipes via hot rolling, hot extrusion, or hot piercing.
  5. Cold Drawing
    Cold draw the mother pipe into CDS tubes (Cold Drawn Seamless), forming pre-honed tubes.
  6. Inner Diameter Honing
    Hone the ID using honing stones to achieve required dimensional accuracy and surface quality.
  7. Inspection & Packing
    Inspect dimensions, mechanical properties, and chemical composition against customer requirements and relevant standards before packing.
honded tube

Hydraulic Steel Tube

Hydraulic steel tubes are designed to convey hydraulic fluids between components such as fittings, valves, flanges, and actuators. Common materials include E355 (ST 52.4) and E235 (ST 37.4), which differ in chemical composition to suit varying working pressure requirements.

Grade C % Si % Mn % P % S %
E355 (ST52.4) ≤ 0.22 ≤ 0.55 ≤ 1.60 ≤ 0.045 ≤ 0.045
E235 (ST37.4) ≤ 0.17 ≤ 0.35 ≤ 1.20 ≤ 0.045 ≤ 0.045

Hydraulic tubes are manufactured according to DIN 2391 / EN 10305-1 or DIN 2445-2 / EN 10305-4, and are available in metric (mm), imperial (inch) outer diameters, and nominal bore sizes.


Pressure Ratings of Hydraulic Tube

Allowable working pressures are calculated in accordance with DIN 2413 at normal temperature. Yield and tensile stress values are used to determine maximum allowable operating pressure and required wall thickness. Actual values are verified from material certificates. Pressure reduction factors at elevated temperatures are shown below:

Temperature -40 °C
(-40 °F)
120 °C
(248 °F)
150 °C
(302 °F)
175 °C
(347 °F)
200 °C
(392 °F)
250 °C
(482 °F)
Rating Factor 0.90 1.00 0.89 0.89 0.83 NA

The honed tubes suitable for various kinds of Precision Mechanical Tube, Honed Cylinder Tubing and Hydraulic Cylinder, Construct use Multi Joint Tube, Steel Axis Pipe, Injection Machine and Robotic Arm.

Quality Standards

Seamless Honed Tubes (Steel) with a micro-finish and highly accurate in bore size within tolerance H7 or equivalent.

  • DIN 2391 Seamless Precison Steel Tubes
  • EN10305 Steel Tubes for Precision Applications Seamless Cold Drawn Tubes
  • ASTM A519 Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
  • JIS G3445 Carbon Steel Tubes for Machine Structural Purposes

Grade: ST 52, ST52.3, CK45, E355, 16Mn, STKM13C, SAE1020, SAE1026, SAE1045


Size range

Honed Tubes are ready to use for hydraulic cylinder applications without further ID processing.

  • Inside diameter from 40 to 1000mm, Max length 20 meters.
  • Straightness: 0.5 /1000
  • Tolerance EXT: DIN 2391
  • Tolerance INT: ISO H8
  • Roughness(Ra): 0.2 to 0.4µ

Type

  • cold drawing
  • normalizing treatment
  • honing.

Tolerance standard

Different sizes of ready to use honed tube are available.

ID(mm) TOLERANCE(mm)
H7 H8 H9 H10
≦30 +0.021/0 +0.033/0 +0.052/0 +0.084/0
30 – ≦50 +0.025/0 +0.039/0 +0.062/0 +0.100/0
50 – ≦80 +0.030/0 +0.046/0 +0.074/0 +0.120/0
80 – ≦120 +0.035/0 +0.054/0 +0.087/0 +0.140/0
120 – ≦180 +0.040/0 +0.063/0 +0.100/0 +0.160/0
180 – ≦250 +0.046/0 +0.072/0 +0.115/0 +0.185/0
250 – ≦315 +0.052/0 +0.081/0 +0.130/0 +0.210/0
315 – ≦700 +0.057/0 +0.089/0 +0.140/0 +0.230/0

This will provide long piston seal life and prevent failure of the cylinder. The tube material is selected on the basis of application & working pressure.

The seamless tube for hydraulic cylinders, obtained from high quality cold drawn tubes, available in a wide dimensional range.

  • Length: unfixed length or fixed length
  • Package: banding with steel strips, braiding parcel at outside
  • Conservation: Anti rust oiled coating on the inside and outside of the surface, plastic caps at both ends.

Grade of Carbon steel

Carbon steel Hydraulic Cylinder Tubing is available with grades as below:

  • SAE 1020
  • SAE 1026
  • SAE1030/1035
  • E355, E255, E215, E235
  • ST52.3, St35, ST 52.4, St 37.4

Grade of Stainless

Stainless steel Honed tube can be supplied in grades as below:

  • TP 304 / 304L
  • TP316 / 316L
  • TP 316Ti

Other steel grades of hone tube /honed pipe is available on customer’s request.


Advantages of Honed tube

  • High precision tolerances;
    Our honed tube can meet ID tolerance H7, H8, H9, … etc according to the customer’ requirements, and its I.D dimension.
  • Seamless tube with high pressure resistance;
    We only use seamless cold drawn tubes to produce honed pipes, which means our honed tubing can work under higher pressure, thus our honed pipes are more reliable for hydraulic cylinder applications.
  • High Smooth inside surface;
    The roughness of our honed pipe is Max Ra 0.4 microns ID finish (16Max Ra ID Finish).
  • Flexible order quantity: we accept small quantity orders, even if there is only one piece of hydraulic cylinder tubing we can produce and supply.
  • Good weldability: The weldability of our honed steel tubing is very good, this is quite helpful for manufacturing the cylinders.

Roller burnished tube

Roller burnished tube is a type of metal tube that has undergone a specialized finishing process to achieve a smooth and polished surface texture.

This process involves the use of precision rollers to apply pressure and polish the outer surface of the tube, resulting in enhanced strength, improved corrosion resistance, and reduced friction.

Hydraulic Cylinder Tubes

Hydraulic cylinder tubes are precision-made hollow cylinders, typically constructed from steel or other high-strength materials, designed for use in hydraulic systems.

Hydraulic cylinder tubes play a crucial role in hydraulic systems and find applications across a wide range of industries:

Hydraulic Cylinder
These tubes serve as the main component of hydraulic cylinders, providing the housing for the piston and rod assembly. They allow hydraulic fluid to act upon the piston, generating linear motion.
Construction Equipment
Used in excavators, backhoes, and bulldozers for lifting, digging, and pushing operations.
Manufacturing Machinery
Integral in presses, injection molding machines, and metal forming machines where precise control of force and motion is essential.
Agricultural Machinery
Employed in tractors, combines, and plows for raising/lowering attachments and steering.
Material Handling
Vital in forklifts and conveyor systems for lifting and transporting goods.
Aerospace
Used in landing gear, control surfaces, and cargo loading systems.
Marine
Utilized in steering, stabilization, and deck machinery on ships and boats.
Mining
Applied in drills, loaders, and crushers for reliable heavy-duty operation.
Automotive
Found in convertible top mechanisms, power steering systems, and hydraulic brake systems.
Hydraulic cylinder tubes with polished inner surface

Polished Inside

Hydraulic cylinder tubes packed in wooden cases

Well Packing in Wooden Cases

Boring tube

In the context of machining and manufacturing, a "boring tube" refers to a tool or device used for the process of boring.

Boring is a machining operation used to enlarge or refine an existing hole or cavity in a workpiece. The boring tube is inserted into an existing hole to accurately shape and size it to the desired specifications. It is a cylindrical tool that rotates and cuts to achieve the desired precision in machining internal diameters or holes. Boring tubes are commonly used in various manufacturing processes to create accurate and precise bores in mechanical parts and components.

Boring tube
Boring tube
Boring tube
Boring tube

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Piston Rod

A piston rod is a critical component in piston–cylinder arrangements, used in internal combustion engines, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders to transmit force and convert motion.

Finished piston rod surface machining
Piston rod induction hardening process
Precision ground piston rod
Piston rod chrome plating
Hydraulic cylinder piston rod assembly
Piston rod inspection and measurement

The piston rod connects the piston to the crosshead or connecting rod, converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion in engines, or translating fluid pressure into linear mechanical force in hydraulic and pneumatic systems.

  • Internal combustion engines: Converts piston reciprocation into crankshaft rotation.
  • Hydraulic cylinders: Extends and retracts under pressurized oil to generate force.
  • Pneumatic cylinders: Operates similarly using compressed air.

Piston rods are typically manufactured from high-strength alloy steel, often subjected to induction hardening, chrome plating and precision grinding to withstand fatigue, corrosion and wear in demanding service conditions.

Galvanized Hydraulic Tube

Galvanized Hydraulic Tube

A galvanized hydraulic tube refers to a hydraulic tube that has undergone a galvanizing process.

Din2391 Galvanized Hydraculic Precision Steel Tubes Synopsis of Process Routing:DIN highly accurate, cold rolled and bright seamless steel tube is used as the tube to be galvanized. The outer wall of tube is electroplating.

Zn-Coated Seamless Steel Tubes

When producing galvanized steel tubes, we use no-oxygen furnace to annealed the tubes which ensuire the smoothness of the inner and outside surface.Both the inner and outer surfaces of the high precision steel tubes can be galvanized or Zn only coated to the outside diameter,giving the tube a high homogeneity and an excellent rust resistant performance.

Galvanized Hydraulic Tube

Carefully inspection honed tubes

Our Hydraulic manufactures honed steel tubes and skived roller burnished tubes designed for use in hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders. Our products are known for their high quality and competitive prices. We offer both imperial and metric sizes to suit your specific needs.

Carefully inspection honed tubes befor delivery
Carefully inspection honed tubes befor delivery
Carefully inspection honed tubes befor delivery
Carefully inspection honed tubes befor delivery
Carefully inspection honed tubes befor delivery
Carefully inspection honed tubes befor delivery
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