GB3087 STEEL PIPE
GB3087 STEEL PIPE - industrial steel pipe
GB 5310 12Cr1MoVG high pressure seamless boiler tubes are designed and manufactured to meet the technical requirements of high-pressure boilers in various industrial settings.
The 12Cr1MoVG tube is a type of alloy steel tube used primarily in high-temperature applications.
12Cr1MoVG tube is widely used to manufacture superheater, steam header and piping for high pressure, ultra-high pressure, subcritical boiler in China. It is a low-carbon, low-alloy pearlite heat-resistant steel. Its total alloy content is less than 2%, only half that of 2.25Cr-1Mo, but its fatigue strength is 40% higher after 100,000 hours of operation at 580°C.
GB 5310 12Cr1MoVG high pressure seamless boiler tube is a type of seamless steel tube or pipe that is designed and manufactured in accordance with the Chinese national standard GB/T 5310. The tube is used in high-pressure boilers to transport steam or water under high temperatures and pressures.
12Cr1MoVG is a steel grade commonly used in the manufacture of high-pressure boiler tubes. The composition of this material includes carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, and some other elements. The addition of these elements enhances the mechanical properties of the steel, including hardness, strength, toughness, and resistance to high temperatures and pressures.
The seamless production process ensures the high-quality surface finish and tight dimensional tolerance of the 12Cr1MoVG high pressure boiler tube. The tube can come in various lengths, outer diameters, wall thicknesses, and end types, such as plain end, beveled end, or threaded ends.
12Cr1MoV steel is normalized and tempered at high temperatures, where its normal metal organization includes ferrite and pearlite (or local bainite). Compared with the same type of low-alloy pearlitic heat-resistant steel, 12Cr1MoV shows better processability and much higher thermal strength.
12Cr1MoVG is a type of high-pressure boiler steel used in the production of boilers and pressure vessels. It has a high temperature strength, good thermal conductivity, and excellent corrosion resistance. It is commonly used in the manufacturing of power plant boilers, industrial boilers, and pressure vessels in the petrochemical industry.
12Cr1MoVG is a Cr-Mo-V low alloy heat-resistant steel introduced from the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. Vanadium is an element that reduces the y-phase region. When dissolved in y-fe, it will inhibit the transformation of ADI to pearlite, which is beneficial to the formation of ADI. The total amount of alloy in 12Cr1MoVG steel is only one half of that of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel, but the endurance strength (580 ° C) is 1.4 times of that of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel. Similar steel grades widely used abroad include ASTM a405 p24 in the United States, bs3604 in the United Kingdom, DIN 13crmov42 in Germany, etc.
Compared with 12CrMoV steel, this steel has higher oxidation resistance and thermal strength. The creep limit of the steel is very close to the value of the endurance strength, and it has high plasticity under the condition of the endurance tension. The technology and weldability of the steel are good, but the preheating is required to 300℃ before welding, and the stress is removed after welding.
It is a kind of steel widely used in superheater, header and main steam pipe of high pressure, ultra high pressure, subcritical power station boiler. At 580℃, it still has high thermal strength, oxidation resistance and durable plasticity. The production process is simple and the welding performance is good, but it is sensitive to the normalizing cooling speed. Long-term use at 580℃ will result in the second kind of temper brittleness caused by the segregation of phosphorus and other impurities at grain boundary. Long–term use will also appear pearlite spherification.
All of them are pearlite type heat-resistant steel, which has high tissue stability and thermal strength when used in high temperature for a long time. Compared with 12Cr1MoV steel, Cr content is higher, with higher oxidation resistance and thermal strength. Creep limit is close to the endurance strength value and has higher plasticity under the condition of endurance tension. The technology and weldability of the steel are good, but the preheating is required to 300℃ before welding, and the stress is removed after welding.
12CrMoV and 12Cr1MoV alloy steel, API 5L X52 steel with the thickness range is 1.2-40mm, the width range is 1220-4200mm, and the length range is 5000-18000mm. API 5L X52 steel’s mechanical properties is the yield strength 300MPa, and the tensile strength 460MPa. To be specified in details: Maximum content for C≤0.28%, Mn≤1.4%, P≤0.030%, S is 0.030%, V+Nb+Ti≤0.15%, Copper maximum is 0.50%, nickel maximum 0.50%, chromium 0.50%, Molybdenum 0.15%.
It is very important for a company to have a sound after-sales service system, which better guarantees the interests of customers and increases the reliability of the company’s products in the hearts of customers. Our company has a dedicated after-sales service team and good after-sales service reputation, and has been recognized by customers over the past decades. Whenever there is problem about our 12CrMoV and 12Cr1MoV alloy steel steel materials during application on the user site, our after-sales service persons will assist to find solutions at the first time.
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.08 - 0.15 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.17 - 0.37 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.40 - 0.70 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.035 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.035 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.90 - 1.20 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.25 - 0.35 |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.15 - 0.30 |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 470 - 640 MPa |
| Yield Strength | ≥ 255 MPa |
| Elongation | ≥ 21% |
| Impact Energy | ≥ 47 J |
| Hardness (HB) | ≤ 179 |
Cr12MoV steel is a widely used cold-work die steel with good hardenability and wear resistance.
12Cr1MoV is a high-quality structural steel known for its high strength, good weldability, and excellent resistance to oxidation and high temperatures. It is commonly used in the manufacture of power plant components, high-pressure pipes, and other applications that require good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.
12Cr1MoVG is a type of low-alloy heat-resistant steel, which is widely used in high-pressure boilers, steam turbines, power plants, and other industries where high temperature and high pressure are present. It is particularly suitable for the production of large-scale power plant boiler pressure components and other high-temperature and high-pressure equipment, such as superheaters, reheaters, steam pipes, and headers. Its excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance make it an ideal material for these applications.
GB 5310 is a standard for seamless tubes used in high-pressure steam boilers and pipelines. The main application for GB 5310 tubes is as high-pressure pipeline tubes in boiler projects. These tubes can be used for superheaters, reheaters, and windpipes.
The GB 5310 standard applies to tubes made from materials such as:
The long-term use temperature for GB 5310 20G seamless steel pipes used as headers and steam pipes is ≤ 425 ° C.
| Steel Grade | C | Si | Mn | S | P | Cr | Mo | V | Ti | B | W | Ni | Al | Nb | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20G | 0.17-0.23 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.35-0.65 | 0.015 | 0.025 | ||||||||||
| 20 MnG | 0.17-0.24 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.70-1.00 | 0.015 | 0.025 | ||||||||||
| 25MnG | 0.22-0.27 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.70-1.00 | 0.015 | 0.025 | ||||||||||
| 15MoG | 0.12-0.20 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.40-0.80 | 0.015 | 0.025 | 0.25-0.35 | |||||||||
| 20MnG | 0.15-0.25 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.40-0.80 | 0.015 | 0.025 | 0.44-0.65 | |||||||||
| 12CrMoG | 0.08-0.15 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.015 | 0.025 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.40-0.55 | ||||||||
| 15CrMoG | 0.12-0.18 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.015 | 0.025 | 0.80-1.10 | 0.40-0.55 | ||||||||
| 12Cr2MoG | 0.08-0.15 | ≤0.60 | 0.40-0.60 | 0.015 | 0.025 | 2.00-2.50 | 0.90-1.13 | ||||||||
| 12Cr1MoVG | 0.08-0.15 | 0.17-0.37 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.010 | 0.025 | 0.90-1.20 | 0.25-0.35 | 0.15-0.30 | |||||||
| 12Cr2MoWVTiB | 0.08-0.15 | 0.45-0.75 | 0.45-0.65 | 0.015 | 0.025 | 1.60-2.10 | 0.50-0.65 | 0.28-0.42 | 0.08-0.18 | 0.002-0.008 | 0.30-0.55 | ||||
| 10Cr9Mo1VNbN | 0.08-0.12 | 0.20-0.50 | 0.30-0.60 | 0.010 | 0.020 | 8.00-9.50 | 0.85-1.05 | 0.18-0.25 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | 0.06-0.10 | 0.03-0.07 |
Steel smelting method
High-quality carbon structural steel and alloy structural steel shall be smelted by electric furnace plus furnace refining, oxygen converter plus furnace refining or electroslag remelting method, and steel refined outside the furnace shall be subjected to vacuum degassing treatment.
10Cr9Mo1VNbN, 10Cr9MoW2VNbBN, 10Cr11MoW2VNbCu1BN, 11Cr9Mo1W1VNbBN and stainless (heat-resistant) steel should be smelted by electric furnace plus furnace refining or electroslag remelting. The steel refined outside the furnace should be vacuum degassed.
After consultation between the supplier and the buyer, and indicating in the contract, other higher-required smelting methods may be adopted. When the purchaser specifies a certain smelting method, it should be indicated in the contract.
The tube blank can be produced by continuous casting, die casting or hot rolling (forging).
Continuous casting tube blanks shall comply with the provisions of YB/T 4149, in which the level of low-fold structural defects shall not exceed 1; the hot-rolled (forged) tube blanks shall comply with the provisions of YB/T ××××; It is carried out in accordance with the regulations for hot-rolled (forged) tube blanks.
Steel pipes shall be manufactured by hot rolling (extrusion, expansion) or cold drawing (rolling). Steel pipes of grade 08Cr18Ni11NbFG shall be manufactured by cold drawing (rolling) seamless method.
The steel pipe shall be delivered in a heat treated condition. The heat treatment system for steel pipes shall comply with the requirements of Table 4. The heat treatment system for steel pipes should be filled in the quality certificate.
| No. | Steel Pipe | Heat treatment |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12Ga、20Ga | 880 ℃～940 ℃,Normalizing |
| 2 | 20MnGa、25MnGa | 880 ℃～940 ℃,Normalizing |
| 3 | 15MoGa、20MoGa | 890 ℃～950 ℃,Normalizing |
| 4 | 12CrMoGa | 900 ℃～960 ℃,Normalizing；650 ℃～730 ℃,Tempering |
| 5 | 15CrMoGa | 900 ℃～960 ℃,Normalizing；660 ℃～730 ℃,Tempering |
| 6 | 12Cr2MoGa | 900 ℃～960 ℃,Normalizing；700 ℃～750 ℃,Tempering It can also be heated to 900 °C ~ 960 °C, and the furnace is cooled to 700 °C for more than 1 h, and air-cooled. |
| 7 | 12Cr1MoVGa | 980 ℃～1 020 ℃,Normalizing，980 °C ~ 1 020 °C normalizing, when the wall thickness is greater than 30 mm, forced cooling; 720 °C ~ 760 °C tempering. |
| 8 | 12Cr2MoWVTiB | 1 000 ℃～1 035 ℃,Normalizing；760 ℃～790 ℃,Tempering |
| 9 | 07Cr2MoW2VNbB | ≥1 040 ℃,Normalizing，≥730 ℃,Tempering |
| 10 | 08Cr2Mo1W2VTiB | ≥980 ℃,Normalizing，≥730 ℃,Tempering |
| 11 | 12Cr3MoVSiTiB | 1 040 ℃～1 060 ℃,Normalizing；720 ℃～770 ℃,Tempering |
| 12 | 09Ni1MnMoNbCu | 880 ℃～980 ℃,Normalizing，580 ℃～680 ℃,Tempering |
| 13 | 10Cr9Mo1VNbN | ≥1 040 ℃,Normalizing，≥730 ℃,Tempering |
| 14 | 10Cr9MoW2VNbBN | ≥1 040 ℃,Normalizing，≥730 ℃,Tempering |
| 15 | 10Cr11MoW2VNbCu1BN | ≥1 040 ℃,Normalizing，≥730 ℃,Tempering |
| 16 | 11Cr9Mo1W1VNbBN | 1 040 ℃～1 080 ℃,Normalizing，740 ℃～780 ℃,Tempering |
| 17 | 15Cr18Ni9b | Solution treatment: solution temperature ≥1 040 °C. |
| 18 | 10Cr18Ni9NbCu3BNb | Solution treatment: solution temperature ≥ 1 100 °C. |
| 19 | 07Cr25Ni21NbNcd | Separate solution treatment: solution temperature ≥ 1 100 °C. |
| 20 | 08Cr18Ni11Nbbd | Solution treatment: solution temperature ≥1 040 °C. |
| 21 | 07Cr18Ni11Nbcd | Separate solution treatment: hot rolling (extrusion, expansion) steel tube solid solution temperature ≥ 1 050 °C, cold drawn (rolled) steel tube solid solution temperature ≥ 1100 °C. |
| 22 | 08Cr18Ni10NbFG | Softening heat treatment before cold working: softening heat treatment temperature should be at least 50 °C higher than solution heat treatment temperature; solution treatment after final cold working: solution temperature ≥1 180 °C |
| a. The finishing temperature of the hot-rolled steel pipe is at the critical temperature of the phase transition Ar3 to the upper limit of the temperature specified in the table, and when the steel pipe is air-cooled, the steel pipe is considered to be normalized. b. The finishing temperature of the hot-rolled steel pipe meets the solid solution temperature specified in the table. As an alternative to the solid solution treatment method, the steel pipe can be separately quenched by water or cooled by other fast enough methods. c, the solution treatment should be a separate heat treatment, and the heat treatment in the process is not allowed to replace the separate solution treatment. d. According to the requirements of the purchaser, the steel pipes of the grades 07Cr25Ni21NbN, 08Cr19Ni10Nb and 07Cr18Ni11Nb may be subjected to a stabilization heat treatment lower than the initial solution treatment temperature after the solution treatment, and the temperature of the stabilization heat treatment is negotiated between the supplier and the purchaser. |
||
| Grade | Tensile strength (Mpa) |
Yield point(Mpa) not less than |
Elongation(%) not less than |
Impact(J) not less than |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20G | 410-550 | 245 | 24/22 | 40/27 |
| 25MnG | 485-640 | 275 | 20/18 | 40/27 |
| 15MoG | 450-600 | 270 | 22/20 | 40/27 |
| 20MnG | 415-665 | 220 | 22/20 | 40/27 |
| 12CrMoG | 410-560 | 205 | 21/19 | 40/27 |
| 12Cr2MoG | 450-600 | 280 | 22/20 | 40/27 |
| 12Cr1MoVG | 470-640 | 255 | 21/19 | 40/27 |
| 12Cr2MoWVTiB | 540-735 | 345 | 18 | 40/27 |
| 10Cr9Mo1VNb | ≥585 | 415 | 20 | 40 |
| 1Cr18Ni9 | ≥520 | 206 | 35 | |
| 1Cr19Ni11Nb | ≥520 | 206 | 35 |
GB seamless steel pipes are available from various manufacturers and suppliers in China. They come in different sizes, grades, and surface finishes to meet specific project requirements.
According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 240 national standard steel pipe production enterprises and more than 250 seamless steel pipe units.
| Steel Grade | Chemistry Constitute | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | P | S | Ti | Cu | |
| Q195 | 0.06-0.12 | ≤0.30 | 0.25-0.50 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.045 | ≤0.050 | - | ≤0.30 |
| Q235 | 0.14-0.22 | ≤0.30 | 0.30-0.65 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.045 | ≤0.050 | - | ≤0.30 |
| Q345B | ≤0.20 | ≤0.55 | 1.00-1.60 | - | - | - | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | - | - |
| 10# | 0.07-0.13 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.35-0.65 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.25 |
| 20# | 0.17-0.23 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.35-0.65 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.25 |
| 35# | 0.32-0.39 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.25 |
| 45# | 0.42-0.50 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.25 |
| 20Cr | 0.18-0.24 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.70-1.00 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 40Cr | 0.37-0.44 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.80-1.10 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 20CrMo | 0.17-0.24 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.80-1.10 | ≤0.3 | 0.15-0.25 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 30CrMo | 0.26-0.34 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.80-1.10 | ≤0.3 | 0.15-0.25 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 35CrMo | 0.32-0.40 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.80-1.10 | ≤0.3 | 0.15-0.25 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 42CrMo | 0.38-0.45 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.90-1.20 | 1.00-1.40 | 0.15-0.25 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 20CrMoTi | 0.17-0.23 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.45-0.75 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 35Mn2 | 0.32-0.39 | 0.07-0.37 | 1.40-1.80 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 40Mn2 | 0.37-0.44 | 0.07-0.37 | 1.40-1.80 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 35SiMn | 0.32-0.40 | 1.10-1.40 | 1.10-1.40 | ≤0.3 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.30 |
| 15Mn | 0.12-0.16 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.70-1.00 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.25 |
| 20Mn | 0.17-0.23 | 0.07-0.37 | 0.70-1.00 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.3 | - | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | - | ≤0.25 |
| Deviation level | Standardized outer diameter tolerance |
|---|---|
| D1 | ±1.5%，min ±0.75 mm |
| D2 | ±1.0%。min ±0.50 mm |
| D3 | ±0.75%．min±0.30 mm |
| D4 | ±0.50%。min ±0.10 mm |
With years of expertise, we provide a wide range of steel tube processing services. From basic sawing and machining to complex bending and upsetting operations, we support you at every stage of your project.
Our capabilities include eccentricity reduction and concentricity improvement through turning and grinding. We specialize in creating complex geometries using rotary swaging and axial forming, and offer property modifications through partial heat treatment to meet your exact requirements.
Alloy steel pipes are widely used in high-temperature, high-pressure and corrosive service environments where conventional carbon steel pipes cannot provide sufficient mechanical strength or long-term reliability.
Manufactured from premium alloy steels containing chromium, molybdenum, nickel and other alloying elements, these pipes provide excellent resistance to heat, pressure, oxidation and corrosion, making them ideal for demanding industrial processes.
Alloy steel pipes offer superior performance under severe operating conditions. Their enhanced mechanical properties provide excellent resistance to elevated temperatures, internal pressure, corrosion and long-term creep deformation.
Alloy steel pipes are selected for critical applications where operating temperatures, pressures or corrosive media exceed the capabilities of carbon steel.
| Service Condition | Typical Application |
|---|---|
| High Temperature | Boilers, superheaters, steam headers |
| Low Temperature | Cryogenic processing systems |
| High Pressure | Power generation and process piping |
| Corrosive Media | Chemical and petrochemical plants |
| Long-Term Creep Service | Thermal power stations |
| Product Type | Common Standards |
|---|---|
| Seamless Pipes | ASTM A335 P1, P5, P9, P11, P22, P91 |
| Butt Weld Fittings | ASTM A234 WP1, WP5, WP9, WP11, WP22, WP91 |
| Forged Fittings & Flanges | ASTM A182 F1, F5, F9, F11, F22, F91 |
Sunny Steel supplies alloy steel piping products to customers worldwide across a wide range of industrial sectors. Our products are manufactured to international standards and are trusted in critical piping systems requiring long-term reliability.
Chemical composition inspection, mechanical properties test(tensile strength,yield strength, elongation, flaring, flattening, bending, hardness, impact test), surface and dimension test, non-destructive test, hydrostatic test.
Identification of the chemical composition of the metal used to manufacture the fitting. Uses PMI sensors, including X-ray fluorescence or optical emission spectrometry.
Steel pipe delivery status(condition): cold / hard (BK), cold / soft (BKW), after cold stress relief annealing (BKS), annealing (GBK), normalized (NBK).
| Term | Symbol | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Cold-finished/hard (cold-finished as-drawn) | BK | No heat treatment after the last cold-forming process. The tubes therefore have only low deformability. |
| Cold-finished/soft (lightly cold-worked) | BKW | After the last heat treatment there is a light finishing pass (cold drawing). With proper subsequent processing, the tube can be cold-formed (e.g. bent, expanded) within certain limits. |
| Annealed | GBK | After the final cold-forming process the tubes are annealed in a controlled atmosphere or under vacuum. |
| Normalized | NBK | The tubes are annealed above the upper transformation point in a controlled atmosphere or under vacuum. |
The general cold strip mills, volume should go through continuous annealing (CAPL unit) to eliminate cold hardening and rolling stress, or batch annealing reach the mechanical properties of the corresponding standard specifies. Cold rolled steel surface quality, appearance, dimensional accuracy better than hot-rolled plate, and right-rolled thin product thickness is about 0.18mm, so the majority of users favor.
Cold rolled steel coil substrate products deep processing of high value-added products. Such as electro-galvanized, hot dip galvanized, electro-galvanized fingerprint resistant, painted steel roll damping composite steel, PVC laminating steel plates, etc., so that the excellent quality of these products has a beautiful, high resistance to corrosion, has been widely used.
Cold rolled steel coil finishing after annealing, cut the head, tail, trimming, flattening, smooth, heavy volume, or longitudinal clipboard. Cold-rolled products are widely used in automobile manufacturing, household electrical appliances, instruments, switches, buildings, office furniture and other industries. Steel plate strapping package weight of 3 to 5 tons. Flat sub-volume typically 3 to 10 tons / volume. Coil diameter 6m.
Bare packing/bundle packing/crate packing/wooden protection at the both sides of tubes and suitably protected for seaworthy delivery or as requested.
There are probably hundreds of different methods for packing a pipe, and most of them have merit, but there are two principles that are vital for any method to work: prevent rusting and sea transportation security.
Our packing can meet any needs of the customers.
Commonly used alloying elements and their effects are listed in the table given below.
| Alloying Elements | Effect on the Properties |
|---|---|
| Chromium | Increases Resistance to corrosion and oxidation. Increases hardenability and wear resistance. Increases high temperature strength. |
| Nickel | Increases hardenability. Improves toughness. Increases impact strength at low temperatures. |
| Molybdenum | Increases hardenability, high temperature hardness, and wear resistance. Enhances the effects of other alloying elements. Eliminate temper brittleness in steels. Increases high temperature strength. |
| Manganese | Increases hardenability. Combines with sulfur to reduce its adverse effects. |
| Vanadium | Increases hardenability, high temperature hardness, and wear resistance. Improves fatigue resistance. |
| Titanium | Strongest carbide former. Added to stainless steel to prevent precipitation of chromium carbide. |
| Silicon | Removes oxygen in steel making. Improves toughness. Increases hardness ability |
| Boron | Increases hardenability. Produces fine grain size. |
| Aluminum | Forms nitride in nitriding steels. Produces fine grain size in casting. Removes oxygen in steel melting. |
| Cobalt | Increases heat and wear resistance. |
| Tungsten | Increases hardness at elevated temperatures. Refines grain size. |
Ceramic lined pipe is made through self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique.
Cast basalt lined steel pipe is composed by lined with cast basalt pipe, outside steel pipe and cement mortar filling between the two layers.
Ceramic tile lined pipes have very uniform coating of specially formulated ceramic material that is affixed to the inner of the pipe.
The material of the rare earth alloy wear-resistant pipe is ZG40CrMnMoNiSiRe, which is also the grade of rare earth alloy steel.
Tubes Erosion Shields are used to protect boiler tubing from the highly erosive effects of high temperatures and pressures thereby greatly extending tube life.
The ASTM A213 T91 seamless tubes are primarily used for boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger.
When you partner with Sunny Steel, you can stop worrying about meeting deadlines thanks to our responsive and timely service. You'll also say goodbye to unnecessary shopping around. Instead, you'll get white glove service from an expert who understands your needs and can get you the materials you need quickly.
